Class AmphibiaClass Reptilia

What characteristic of the reptile allows it to be successful on land? The Amniotic Egg

Encloses the yolk A fat-rich food supply Contains proteins and water needed by embryo Stores nitrogenous wastes produced by embryo Surrounds all membranes and cushions developing embryo Thin membrane enclosing the fluid in which embryo floats Provides protection from damage and evaporation of water from egg Chick Factory Developing Chick

CLASSIFICATION OF REPTILES

Classification of Reptiles  Over 5,000 species divided into 4 different orders.

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins 7 main families: Family Chelydridae:  Includes snapping turtles  Large shell and can weigh up to 200 lb; carapace is rough with bumpy keels; long tail; powerful jaws. snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins Family Kinosternidae:  Includes mud and musk turtles.  Exude smelly excretions from musk glands; have short tails and long necks; bite. American mud turtles Kinosternon common musk turtle Sternotherus odoratu

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins Family Emydidae:  Largest turtle family; includes box turtles, sliders, painted turtles, and terrapins, which inhabit both fresh and brackish waters. painted terrapin Callagur borneoensis painted turtle Chrysemys picta Red-eared slider

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins Family Testudinidae  The tortoises.  Have high, rounded carapace and heavily- scaled front legs. red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins Family Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae:  The sea turtles.  Limbs modified as flippers; numbers of all species are in decline because of over- hunting and the collecting of their eggs. Chelonia mydas green sea turtle leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea

Order Testudines: tortoises, turtles, and terrapins Family Trionychidae:  The soft-shelled turtles.  Have a soft, leathery shell; often lie buried in the same with only their eyes and snout exposed. spiny softshell turtle Apalone spinifera

Order Squamata: lizards and snakes Divided into two different suborders: Suborder Lacertilia – the lizards Suborder Serpentes – the snakes

Suborder Lacertilia is composed of 9 main families: Family Gekkonidae  Gecko lizards  Large family of lizards; have tiny suction cups on the pads of their feet; the only lizards that can utter special calls. common leopard gecko Eublepharis macularius

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Chamaeleontidae:  Chameleons  High body, flattened from side to side; slow-moving; each eye can swivel independently of the other; can change color in response to changes in light, temperature, or emotional state. Elliot's chameleon (Chamaeleo ellioti)

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Iguanidae:  Includes iguanas and anoles  Iguanas are herbivores; anoles are carnivores Common iguana (Iguana iguana) Banded tree anole (Anolis transversalis)

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Teiidae:  Whiptailed lizards.  Have long, rough tails; very active. desert grassland whiptail Cnemidophorus uniparens

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Helodermatidae:  The beaded lizards, including the Mexican beaded lizards and the gila monster – the only venomous lizards in the world. Mexican beaded lizard Heloderma horridum gila monster Heloderma suspectum

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Scincidae:  The skinks.  Have smooth scales and small limbs or no limbs at all. five-lined skink Eumeces fasciatus

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Anguidae:  Glass lizards and alligator lizards.  Have scales reinforced by bony plates; glass lizards are legless and shed their long tail, which fractures into several pieces. Arizona alligator lizard Elgaria kingii glass lizard Ophisaurus attenuatus

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Amphisbaenidae:  Worm lizards  Found in the dry, sandy parts of Florida; look like earthworms with scales. Amphisbaena (Leposternon polystegum)

Suborder Lacertilia: Lizards Family Varanidae:  The monitor lizards, including the Komodo dragon.  The largest lizards alive. Bengal monitor Varanus bengalensis Komodo Island monitor Varanus komodoensis

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Leptotyphlopidae:  Small, slender, blind snakes; eat mostly termites and ants. Texas slender blind snake Leptotyphlops dulcis

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Colubridae:  Largest family of snakes (75% of all snakes); includes garter snakes, green (vine) snakes, rat snakes and kingsnakes. common garter snake green vine snake rat snake

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Pythonidae:  The pythons Carpet python ball python

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Boidae:  The boas. yellow anaconda boa constrictor Boa constrictor

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Elapidae:  Includes sea snakes, coral snakes, cobras, mambas, and tiger snakes.  Have a neurotoxin venom. Black mamba scarlet king vs. coral

Suborder Serpentes – the snakes Family Vivperidae:  Includes copperheads, cottonmouths (water moccasins), and 31 species of rattlesnakes.  Have fangs and a deep facial pit between the eye and nostril that can detect heat and a hemotoxin venom. Cottonmouths black-tailed rattlesnake

What are some of the structures of the Egg and their function?