Weed Control
Weeds Competition Space Light Nutrient Water Physical Damage Morningglories Honeyvine Milkweed
Tolerance to Competition Weed free for 6 weeks Tobacco canopy tolerates late competition Weedy for 4 weeks Weed Control after weedy problem No competition
Cultivation Shallow (1 inch deep) Reduces root damage Doesn’t disturb herbicide placement Shears of weeds Breaking crust
Cultivation Deep Cultivation Damages roots Brings up untreated soil Misconception? Brings up moisture during a drought
Rolling Cultivators Shallow Cultivation Scrapes surface Hills plants Faster Speed
Ideal Herbicide Controls Weeds Broadleaf Grasses No Crop Injury Non-persistent to cover crop or rotational crop No drift or run-off Safe for applicator
Prowl 3.3EC Weed Spectrum Good Control Annual grasses Many Broadleaf weeds Pigweed Poor Control Rhizome Johnson Grass Hairy Galinsoga Common Ragweed Cocklebur Suppression Morningglories
Application Rates 2 to 3.6 pts/A Incorporation 1 to 2 inches Photosensitivity Possible sun breakdown Suppresses germinating weed seeds Most in upper 2 inches Crop safety Plant roots below treated areas
Activity & Mode of Action Root & shoot inhibitor Symptoms Root pruning Stunting Mitotic poison Not taken up by plants
Symptoms
Symptoms – Phosphorus Deficiency
Persistence Can cause cover crop damage especially in dry seasons
Command 3 ME Weed Spectrum Good Control Annual Grasses Most Broadleaf Weeds including Common Ragweed Hairy Galinsoga Velvetleaf
Command 3 ME Poor Control Pigweeds Seedling & rhizome Johnsongrass
Application Rates 2 to 2.67 pts/A Placement Surface application Cover crop safety Drift Post-transplant Within 7 days after transplanting
Activity & Mode of Action Photosynthesis inhibitor Damages Chlorophyll Turns plant white
Persistence Cover crop damage
Spartan DF Weed Spectrum Good Control Most Broadleaf Weeds Including Morningglories Yellow Nutsedge
Spartan DF Fair Control Annual grasses Poor Control Common Ragweed Seedling & rhizome Johnsongrass
Application Rates (8 fl oz/A) (10.1 fl oz/A) If Morningglories or nutsedge are major weed problems Placement Best not incorporated Due to crop safety OK to scratch out tractor track
Activity & Mode of Action Photosensitizes Plants actively take-up Exposure to sunlight causes membrane disruption Susceptible plants turn necrotic and die
Persistence Season long control Grass cover crops are less sensitive
Devrinol 50DF Weed Spectrum Good Control Annual grasses Fair to Poor Control Most Broadleaf Weeds Crop Safety Good
Application Rate (2 lb/A) Usually in combination with Tillam for improved broadleaf control Post-transplant OK but pre-emergence to weeds
Activity & Mode of activity Root growth inhibitor Persistence 12 month - can cause cover crop injury especially when applied post-transplant
Tillam 6E Weed Spectrum Good Control Annual grasses Nutsedge Fair to Poor Control Many Broadleaf Weeds Crop Safety Good Damage possible under specific conditions
Application Rate (2.67 qt/A) Usually in combination with Devrinol for improved broadleaf control
Activity & Mode of Activity Taken up by plants and translocated to shoots Has effect on meristemactic tissue
Persistence 3 to 6 weeks Highly volatile Readily leached by in soil Can reverse leach after rainfall
Weed Control in Burley Tobacco Fayette Co. – David Tucker Farm
Poast 1.53E Weed Spectrum Good Control Annual & perennial grasses No Control Broadleaf Weeds Application Rate 1.5 pts/A +Crop oil concentrate (1 qt/A) Post-emergence
Activity & mode of activity Taken up by plants and translocated throughout Slow acting Persistence None
Diagnosing Chemical Damage in Tobacco Look for symptom Stunting Leaf distortion Abnormal vein patterns Discoloration Look for possible sources of chemical exposure Drift Other crops near by Right of ways Contaminated Sprayer Contaminated Water Supply Contaminated Fertilizer or Spreader Equipment
Triazines Chemicals Atrazine Simazine Symptoms Dead tissue between secondary veins Green or yellow tissue adjacent to vein
Triazine Test < 0.05 ppm No damage Injury possible depending on climatic conditions > 0.20 Injury expected Run-off Contaminated Sprayer Corn Sprayer Back Siphon Contaminated Fertilizer Buggy Use of same buggies used for corn Crop Exposure
Growth Regulators 2,4-D, etc. Damage only to developing leaves at time of drift Can assess date of exposure Banvel Similar to 2,4-D But damage more persistent Tordon Extreme sensitivity in tobacco.3 ppb Water Soluble Persistent in soil
Growth Regulator Symptoms
Accent/Beacon Form Johnsongrass control in corn Drifts for a considerable distance Yellowing Leaf tip Spots Causes restricted Vein (stem) growth Lamina puckers
Accent/Beacon - Symptoms
Callisto
Unknown
Sheep Dip
Skunk Damage