Grade 4 Guernica Pablo Picasso & Cubism

ABSTRACT ART CUBISM- Cubism, an abstract movement in art, developed in the early 1900's It is based on the theory that objects should be captured by showing multiple points of view simultaneously. Forms are simplified and broken apart into planes, then reassembled in an abstract form emphasizing geometric shapes. The planes are sometimes tilted by means of shading. This was the first time collage become important in modern art.

Blues Period Cubism Period Rose Period Picasso’s Periods Garçon à la pipe Rose Period Dora Maar The Old Guitarist

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973): Country- Spain Movements- Cubism (after his blue period and rose period) Media- Drawing, painting, sculpture, ceramics, mosaics, stage design and graphic arts Major Style and Contribution to Art With Braque he developed cubism, collage and “found art” Invented new forms of art for almost ¾ of the 20th century Influences- Early work influenced by Post Impressionists. However, Cezanne and African sculpture inspired his cubist works. Interesting Fact- Picasso created more than 20,000 works of art in his lifetime. In 1913, at The Armory Show in NY he introduced the new style of cubism and caused a sensation Picasso's "Girl with a Mandolin"

Picasso-Les Demoiselles D'Avignon, 1907, oil on canvas, 234 cm W x 244 cm H, Museum of Modern Art, New York. Considered the first cubist artwork, The painting depicts five naked prostitutes in a brothel their figures are composed of flat, splintered planes rather than rounded volumes, their eyes are lopsided or staring or asymmetrical, and the two women at the right have threatening masks for heads. The space, too, which should recede, comes forward in jagged shards, like broken glass. In the still life at the bottom, a piece of melon slices the air like a scythe.

Guernica 1937, oil on canvas, 7. 77 m W x 3 Guernica 1937, oil on canvas, 7.77 m W x 3.5 m H, Prado Museum, Madrid. symbolic painting of the horrors of war On April 27th, 1937, unprecedented atrocities are perpetrated on behalf of Franco against the civilian population of a little Basque village in northern Spain. Chosen for bombing practice by Hitler's burgeoning war machine, the hamlet is pounded with high-explosive and bombs for over three hours. Townspeople are cut down as they run from the crumbling buildings. Sixteen hundred civilians are killed or wounded.

Georges Braque (1882-1963) Country- France Movements-. Cubism Major Style and Contribution to Art One of the fathers of cubism, used neutralized colour and complex patterns of faceted from After 1917 he was apart from Picasso his work was characterized by brilliant colours, textured surfaces and the reappearance of the human figure After 1920’s he returned to a more realistic interpretation of nature but cubism was still apparent on his art Famous for still lifes Influences- Influenced by the Fauves, Henri Matisse and Andre Derain, latter by Cezanne and his co-worker-Picasso Interesting Fact- A critic refered to Braques paintings as “bizarreries cubiques:, thus the name cubism was formed. Fruit Dish 1908-1909

Characteristics of Cubism: Abstract Broken Mirror Effect Rearranged Geometric More than one view Simplified Shapes

Abstract: does not look like real life Self Portrait

Broken Mirror Effect: Three Musicians Braque: Houses at La Estaque 1909 Ambroise Vollard by Braque

Rearranged: Acrobat Portrait of Marie-Thérèse

Geometric Shapes: Jacqueline with Crossed Hands Girl with a Boat

More than one view: Nusch Éluard Marie-Therese Walter

Simplified Shapes: Harlequin

Characteristics of Cubism: Abstract Broken Mirror Effect Rearranged Geometric More than one view Simplified Shapes

Abstract Broken Mirror Effect Rearranged Geometric More than one view Simplified Shapes