Classifying chemical reactions

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Presentation transcript:

Classifying chemical reactions Why? When we classify, we are able to organize information and understand the material better.

Quick review: Symbolizing chemical reactions coefficients reactants products

5 Classes of Chemical Reactions Synthesis: Decomposition: Single replacement: Double replacement: Combustion: To make To break down Single Substitute Two substitutes To burn

1. Synthesis Reactions A + B  AB How do we recognize a synthesis reaction? a. A single product forms from two or more reactants. Example: __ Mg + __ O2  __ MgO General format: 2 2 A + B  AB

How does this cartoon symbolize a synthesis reaction? AB Indicate which letter each animal represents.

Synthesis reaction demonstration

2. Decomposition Reaction How do we recognize a decomposition reaction? a. A reactant breaks down into two or more products Example: H2O2 H2O + O2 General Format: AB  A + B

How does this cartoon symbolize a decomposition reaction? AB A B Indicate which letter each figure represents.

Decomposition example __NaCl  __ Na + __Cl2

3. Single Replacement Reactions How do we recognize a single replacement reaction? a. A single element reacts with a compound b. Products are a different single element and a different compound Example: __ Zn + __ HCl ---> __ ZnCl2 + __ H2 General format: A + BC  AC +B 2

How does this cartoon symbolize a single replacement reaction? BC Indicate which letter each figure represents.

Single replacement reaction example

4. Double Replacement Reaction How do we recognize a double replacement reaction? a. Two compounds exchange partners and form two new compounds b. This reaction often produces a precipitate Example: __ FeS + __ HCl ---> __ FeCl2 + __ H2S General format: AB + CD  AD + CB 2

How does this cartoon symbolize a double replacement reaction? Indicate which letter each figure represents.

Example of a double replacement reaction

5. Combustion Reactions How do we recognize a combustion reaction? a. A compound containing CHO reacts with oxygen b. Products are carbon dioxide and water Example (combustion of ethanol): __ CH3CH2OH + __ O2  __ CO2 +__ H2O General format: 1 3 2 3 CHO + O2  CO2 + H2O

Example of a combustion reaction