The United States: Resources and Regions Chapter 2

US Resources Lesson 1 Essential Questions: How does geography influence the way people live? It Matters Because: The natural resources found in the United States determine the economic activities of people throughout the nations.

Types of Resources Lesson 1 Guiding Question How do renewable and nonrenewable natural resources supply human needs? Environment The air, water, and land that surround you The environment varies from place to place

Economics- the study of how individuals and nations make choices about ways to use scarce resources to fulfill their needs and wants Natural Resources- materials found in nature that people use Vital part of the environment Soil to grow food Trees for lumber Oil for energy

Two types of natural resources Nonrenewable- cannot be replaced within our lifetime Iron ore, gold, oil Renewable- cannot be used up or can be replaced in a reasonable amount of time Sun, wind, water, forests U.S. is rich in natural resources Determines what people make, the jobs they do, and the way they live

Nonrenewable Resources Minerals- Natural materials found in the earth that do not come from plants and animals Silver, iron ore, zinc, copper, gold, quartz, limestone, lead granite, magnesium and a variety of gemstones Extracted from mines Used for construction, heating and the production of goods Electrical wires Computer chips jewelry Iron or for steel

Nonrenewable Resources (continued) Energy- refers to power (heat and electricity) Oil, natural gas and coal Converted in to fuel to produce energy Fossil fuel- result from the breakdown of organic or once-living materials Takes thousands or even millions of years to form

Natural Gas Use, 2010

Renewable Resources The United States has an abundance of renewable resources. Land Fertile soil for agriculture Fish and other sea animals Lumber Building homes, making paper Water Motion of tides and wind Sun, plant material, atomic reactions

Locating Nonrenewable Resources Minerals Copper –mined in the west Colorado, Utah and New Mexico Gold Nevada (also silver) and Alaska Iron Minnesota and Michigan Zinc Tennessee, Alaska and Missouri Limestone Great Lakes and Florida Guiding Question: What natural resources in the US are limited in supply?

Locating Nonrenewable Resources Energy Oil Alaska, California, Oklahoma, Texas and the Gulf of Mexic o Natural Gal Oklahoma, Texas and Kansas Coal Appalachian Mountains (East), Wyoming (West)

Oil Rigs in the Gulf of Mexico

Using Renewable Resources Land Land is a vital renewable resource Half of the land in the US is used to grow crops and raise animals Fertile lands Central US Coastal plains Along rivers Corn, wheat, cotton, tobacco Vegetables, fruits, poultry, pigs, dairy cows, livestock

Using Renewable Resources Water Water is also a major resource Drinking, washing, farming, gardening, travel Used to produce energy Renewable resource of energy Second largest source of electricity Tennessee Valley Authority Operates a system of 29 hydroelectric dams Provides electricity for Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, Alabama Niagara Falls –Border of New York and Canada Also produces electricity

Using Renewable Resources Wind The US has begun to use its wind resources to generate electricity Wind farms with many turbines operate in 36 states Turbine are at least 100 feet tall Blades connected to a generator Great Plains and coastal areas are ideal for exploring wind power

Using Renewable Resources Solar Power generated from the light and heat from the sun some homes and businesses use solar panels to produce electricity Solar energy power plants in California and Arizona Florida power company completed construction on the nations largest solar energy plant 2011solar panels and solar water heaters were installed in the White House do

Using Renewable Resources Lumber Forests cover one-third of the United States Half of the tree resources are in the Pacific Northwest Large forest areas in the Appalachian Mountains New trees are planted to replace cut ones

Using Renewable Resources Fish Fresh water and deep sea fishing Coastal Regions Fisheries- the waters in which fish and other sea creatures are caught Overfishing- due to increasing demand the survival of some fish is being threatened Fish Farming- businesses raise fish in tanks or enclosed areas

Consequences of Human Activity Guiding question: Why is it important to conserve as well as use natural resources? People depend on natural resources to survive Human activity has a huge impact on: Water, land and air Drilling, mining, farming, building, cutting, fishing

Pollution Pollution- materials that dirty the air, water and soil Damages the environment which then can harm people Air pollution Streams and rivers Wildlife habitats

Conservation-planned, careful use of natural resources Natural Resources Conservation Service –(1935) Helps to manage the use of resources Set aside large tracks of land for conservation Lands set aside cannot be used Bureau of Land Management Helps by protecting public lands from development

US Regions Lesson 2 Essential Questions: What defines a region? It Matters Because: People’s jobs and lifestyles are closely connected to the region of the country in which they live. Five Regions or Areas Northeast South Midwest Interior West Pacific

Northeast Smallest land area Mostly urban (thickly settled) New York and Philadelphia are 1rst and 6th in population Many descended from Europeans Many African Americans, Asians, and Latinos Rocky Soil, mountainous landscape, cold winters Not ideal for farming Miles of coastline and rivers Fishing, shipping and trade

Northeast Economy The economy is still based on trade Trade- the buying of goods and services Service sector–Produces services rather than goods Healthcare, banking, tourism, historic sites Computers, communications, research, publishing, chemical production Coal mines and timber in the Appalachian Mountains Farms in Pennsylvania and New York Cranberry bogs in Massachusetts Maple syrup in Vermont Jewelry in Rhode Island Naval Shipyards in New Hampshire

South Warm climate, rich soil, lots of rain Farming is a key part of the economy Citrus, cotton, rice, tobacco, nuts, soybeans Cattle ranching Fossil fuel production (coal, natural gas, oil) West Virginia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Texas and Oklahoma Aerospace Industry Develops aircraft, spacecraft, missiles and satellites

Some Presidents from the South George Washington –Virginia Lyndon B. Johnson -Texas Jimmy Carter –Georgia George H. W. Bush –Texas George W. Bush – Texas Bill Clinton -Arkansas

Population has increased and become more diverse Retirees, Latinos, Haitians Large rural areas –areas not heavily populated Everglades- National park reserved for diverse wildlife Alligators, bobcats, manatees, turtles, panthers Large growing urban areas (cities) Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, New Orleans, Miami

Midwest Guiding Question: How has geography of the Midwest shaped its development Major Features Great Lakes and Great Plains Miles of flat fertile land Colder winters than the South Drier climate Farmers raise Wheat, corn, oats, soybeans, fruits, vegetables The “breadbasket of the nation” Ranchers produce pork, beef and dairy products

Economy and Population Minerals- Iron ore, lead and zinc Access to shipping channels on the rivers and great lakes In the 1900s Cleveland and Detroit produced cars Factories hit hard time in late twentieth century Factories moved South or to Mexico Region became know as the “Rust Belt”, because of hard times and job losses Foreign competition and National economic downturn Population is made up of: African Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos 80 percent of Detroit's population is African American

Interior West Long before the United States was formed, Native Americans have lived in this regions Spanish arrived during the colonial period Settlers from the East headed west in the 1800’s The region is dry Farming takes place because of irrigation Cotton, alfalfa, and more Ranchers raise livestock Lumbering Minerals Copper, iron, coal and others Energy -Oil and natural gas

Interior West Manufacturing –has grown lately Research and Development Products for the aeronautics and electronic industries Research and Development Aerospace, nuclear weapons, energy industries Population –fewer people than other regions Major Cities Denver and Salt Lake –centers for technology Albuquerque and Phoenix –tourism industry Arid climate of Arizona attracts retirees and visitors

Interior West Dramatic Geographic Features Rocky Mountains Arizona Deserts Grand Canyon Millions of visitors Carved by the Colorado River Great Salt Lake in Utah Hover Dam rises 726 feet above Lake Mead Arizona and Nevada border Provides electricity, flood control, farm irrigation and drinking water

Pacific Guiding Question- Which parts of its economy make the Pacific region unique? The states border the Pacific Ocean Climates vary Washington and Oregon get plenty of rain Valuable Resources Gold, lead and copper in California Oil in Alaska Alaskan pipeline Timber in Washington and Oregon

Pacific Mountain Ranges Sierra Nevada- in California Cascade Range- in Washington and Oregon Alaska Range- in Alaska Mount McKinley –highest peak in North America Denali National Park Hawaii volcanoes (volcanic islands)

Pacific Agriculture Additional Industries The region produces more than half of the fruits and vegetables consumed in the United States Hawaii grows: Sugarcane, pineapples, bananas, papayas and coffee The islands have rich volcanic soil Additional Industries Tourism, lumber, fishing, livestock, oil, plastics, satellite communications

Pacific Silicon Valley Other Major cities Ethnic Background Hub of the computer electronics industries near San Francisco Other Major cities San Diego –in California Seattle –Washington Ethnic Background Washington and Oregon Mostly European California, Hawaii and Alaska Native Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos California has the largest population in the nation Silicon Valley Seattle, Washington