RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL Noisy Times in Wireless Welcome to Our World

Wi-Fi is the New Ethernet Opens Up Massive New Market Opportunity Source: DellOro Group 95 Today $25B $1B Ethernet Switch Port Market ($ in billions) YESTERDAY TODAY 2 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

Lots of Choices: Everyone has a Thing Big and CloudyRoaming for Voice Access / Security ?Cisco Look-a-Like “Controller-Less” High Density 3 Reliability Super Low Cost RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

The Only Thing that Really Matters The signal, the PHY, the air. It’s the foundation and the only place where speed and capacity can be improved. 4 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

But Wi-Fi Has Personal Issues o Coverage: 1997 – present o Security: 1997 – 2004 o Roaming: 1997 – 2009 o Speed: 2003 – present o Capacity: June 29 th present 5 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

It’s Inconsistent vs 6 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

It’s Unruly 7 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

It’s Unclear Dropped connections have a huge and negative impact on business operations Interference is a Killer! 8 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

40MHz Doesn’t 5GHz Solve Everything? 5.25 GHz 5.35 GHz GHz GHz GHz 5.15 GHz UNII-1UNII-2 DFS UNII-3 UNII-2e DFS o 24 non-overlapping 20 MHz channels o 11 non-overlapping 40 MHz channels o Only 4 non-DFS channels for bonding o Creates channel planning problems similar to 2.4 GHz o 5 GHz isn’t a panacea, RF management is still king NON-DFS CHANNELS 9 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

And New Standards Won’t Save You o ac - Next generation Wi-Fi o Better, bigger, faster……..? o Limited improvement for enterprise customers 10 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

The Key to Better Wi-Fi: SINR o When faced with interference, it’s SINR that matters o Higher SINR = Higher data rates and capacity o So how do you get a high SINR? o You can either increase signal or decrease interference o Adaptive (smart) antenna systems do both! SNR SINR Receive Signal Level Noise Floor T I M E 11 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

Introduction 11ac Enhancements and Timelines 12 RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

802.11ac - An Overview RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 13 5 GHz Only Optimistic Specs Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) o Breaks “gigabit” barrier o Max of 6.9 Gbps o “Gimmick” specs that drive data rates very high o Many features not practical for real-world enterprises o Encourages 5G adoption o Focuses on capacity-rich, low-interference spectrum o Benefits entire Wi-Fi ecosystem Up to 8 spatial streams APAP o N-fold efficiency improvement o Increases radio complexity, power draw, and cost o Requires client-side support o Not possible today o Simultaneous downlink Tx to single-stream clients o Multiples network capacity o Key differentiator from n 5G 2.4G 256-QAM o More efficient modulation o 33% data rate gains o Very short ranges only o Requires 11ac clients 80/160 MHz channels o Very wide channels o Primary reason for 11ac’s very high data rates o Ineffective use of spectrum in multi-AP environments o Decreases total capacity

o 11ac supports 5 GHz frequencies only o Dual-band devices will support 11n in 2.4 GHz o Focuses on spectrum with more bandwidth, less interference, and better scalability and capacity o Encourages client device suppliers to adopt 5 GHz, to benefit from 11ac marketing, leaving 2.4 GHz as “best effort” spectrum 14 5 GHz Only RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 480 MHz 25 channels 83.5 MHz 3 channels Capacity

Artificially bloats max data rates of ac 15 Spatial Streams RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 8x8:8 (MIMO) Bandwidth1ss2ss3ss4ss…8ss 20 MHz *312… MHz … MHz … QAM, 800 ns GI o Business o Increases AP/client cost o Increases AP/client size o Decreases aesthetic appeal o 2x2 APs often meet the business need o Technical o Short range for 4+ streams o More streams require RF “differentiation” (difficult with 4+ streams) o Adds power draw on APs (PoE power budget) and clients (battery life) Real-World Barriers ac defines up to 8 spatial streams n defined up to 4 spatial streams Flagship devices today support up to 3SS Enterprises often prefer cost/performance of 2x2 APs

QAM RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 256- QAM 64-QAM 16-QAM QPSK BPSK % gain (2x) 50% gain (1.5x)33% gain (1.3x) o 256-QAM improves efficiency by 33% o Higher-order modulation adds complexity, which requires higher SNR o Beneficial near the AP o Efficiency gain from modulation does not increase linearly o Requires ac AP and client

17 Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL o Transmit simultaneous downlink frames to different receivers o Significant capacity enhancements in environments with many single- stream devices (tablets, smartphones) o Requires 11ac client(s) with TxBF feedback/support o Creates new challenges related to signal steering and isolation o How to get… 4x4:4 Access Point Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4 4x4:4 Access Point Stream 1 Single-User MIMO Single downlink Tx at a time o DataA to StaA o DataB to StaB o No DataA to StaB o No DataB to StaA

PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead Time *Note: Diagrams are not to scale and are conceptual only PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead 11a/g 11n 11ac Why throughput does not equal data rate… 18 Large(r) Frame Size RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL The Solution: increase payload size o Every data frame in ac is an A-MPDU o Better spectrum efficiency enables larger frame sizes without adverse impact from interference o Use of large frames depends on high rates PHYAggregation Max Bytes (Layer 2) Max Bytes (Layer 1) 11b N (fragmentation often used) 2,304~2,336 11a/gN2,304~2,336 11nY7,93565,535 11acY11,4541,048,575

Q: Is it be backward compatible with 11a/n? Yes. 11ac is fully backward compatible with a/n, using protection mechanisms with 11a/n frame formats. What about 2.4 GHz? Initially, dual-band APs will be n in 2.4G and ac in 5G. 11ac may eventually be introduced to 2.4G for benefits from added spatial streams or 256-QAM. Will it require new hardware? Yes. For every supplier, all APs and clients will need new hardware, whether complete AP replacement or modular radio add-ons. Controllers or management software may be software upgradeable. 19 FAQ RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL A: Q: A: Q: A:

11ac in Waves 20 Net gain Slight efficiency improvement, most benefits are for ac devices Wave 1 – Q3, QAM 33% gain at very short range 80 MHz channels Twice the capacity of 40 MHz n (but not recommended for multi-AP deployments) 3 spatial streams Already supported by n (3x3) Net gain Multiples aggregate network capacity and efficiency, ALL devices benefit Wave 2 – Late 2014 Wave 1+ Includes all Wave 1 features, with additional chip improvements 80 / 160 MHz channels Twice the capacity of 80 MHz ac (but not recommended for multi-AP deployments) 3+ spatial streams Likely 4 spatial streams. N-fold throughput gain for high-end clients, more flexibility/capacity for MU-MIMO MU-MIMO Up to 4x capacity boost, multiplies aggregate capacity

Better 11ac with Ruckus Making the most of next-generation Wi-Fi 21 RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

22 Maximizing 256-QAM RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL BPSK DPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM 256-QAM o With per-packet adaptive antenna control, polarization diversity, and active channel selection techniques, Ruckus APs maximize the potential of 256-QAM with 11ac o Greater SNR/SINR increases the useful downlink range of 256-QAM o Adaptive PD-MRC and higher uplink receive sensitivity increase uplink range of 256-QAM o APs select channels with more capacity and less noise and interference ThemUs

23 Smarter Channel Planning RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL TIME CHANNEL PLANNING DYNAMIC OPERATION CHANNELFLY o ac introduces the possibility of 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz channels o Each 40, 80, or 160 MHz channel will have primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz subchannels o It becomes increasingly difficult to determine what channel widths are optimal for each environment based on spectral reuse, the number of APs, transmit power, client device types and channel support, etc. o Manual channel planning becomes VERY DIFFICULT o The dynamic nature of RF environments raises new concerns for both ongoing channel width settings (should we use 20s, 40s, 80s?) as well as AP channel assignment adaptation (what primary 20/40/80 channels should I use at any moment in time?) o APs must be able to select the best primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz channels for their own environment, or possibly change from 80 MHz operation to 40 MHz o ChannelFly will tackle both problems (channel width and channel assignment) by… o Actively measuring performance on each channel o Adaptively changing as environmental conditions fluctuate o Discovering the best channel settings for the environment, the client device types, count, and channel width support, and the amount of traffic at each bandwidth setting

24 BeamFlex-Enhanced MU-MIMO RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL Antenna 2 to Client 2 Antenna 1 to Client 1 Antenna 3 to Client 3 3x3 MU-MIMO 3 clients concurrently communicate with AP, each on a dedicated spatial stream (and antenna) MU-MIMO enhanced with BeamFlex Directional antenna element for each client o Better signal separation o Higher sustained data rates o Increased AP capacity Standard MU-MIMO All clients hear all antennas o Poor signal isolation per client o Lower SNR per link = lower data rates o Marginal benefit to capacity

RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL