C astlehead H igh S chool Intermediate 2 Introduction to Cells J Offord

C astlehead H igh S chool Animal cells have three basic parts. Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane An animal cell NUCLEUS - controls the cell and contains genetic information. CYTOPLASM – where chemical reactions happen CELL MEMBRANE – controls what enters and leaves the cell and gives the cell shape. Animal Cells

C astlehead H igh S chool Plant Cells The plant cell has some parts the same as an animal cell… Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Vacuole Contains cell sap - helps with support Chloroplast Contains chlorophyll - absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis Cell wall Made of cellulose and supports cell..and some different to an animal cell.

C astlehead H igh S chool Yeast Yeast is a type of plant called a fungus Yeast can be used to make BREAD WINE BEER GASOHOL – a fuel used to drive cars

C astlehead H igh S chool Fermentation Yeast breaks down glucose to make carbon dioxide gas and alcohol (or ethanol) This process is called fermentation The word equation for this reaction is GlucoseCarbon Dioxide and Alcohol

C astlehead H igh S chool Bacteria Bacteria can be used to make yoghurt The bacteria feed on LACTOSE sugar in the milk turning it into LACTIC ACID This drop in pH makes the proteins in milk clump together Word Equation: Lactose Lactic acid (broken down by bacteria)

C astlehead H igh S chool Fungi First antibiotic discovered by Alexander Flemming Called penicillin – came from a fungus Antibiotic is a chemical that prevents bacteria growing Only effective against bacteria not against viruses

C astlehead H igh S chool More to do 1.Click on the link below and go to the website my skoool and look over the lessons 2.Cell Structure and Function and Plant Cells 3.Then go to bitesize revision andard/biology/investigating_cells/index.shtml read over the cells topic and answer the questions andard/biology/investigating_cells/index.shtml