Russian Revolution 1917 Russia becomes a Communist State

Infant USSR threaten with invasion, famine, and social unrest Infant USSR threaten with invasion, famine, and social unrest. To counter this,designers Dimitri Moor created pro-Bolshevik properganda.

Life under the Czar Most people in Russia were poor peasants called serfs who lived on land owned by wealthy landowners Students protests, peasant revolts, and worker strikes were common

Life under the Czar The Russo-Japanese War ended in a humiliating defeat for Russia and showed that Czarist rule was weak and disorganized. His empire covered nearly a sixth of the earth's surface, but he had little of the practical knowledge necessary to govern it, and he distrusted those who did

Life under the Czar World War I brought great suffering to the Russian people It brought shortages in housing, food, and fuel Russian armies were ill-equipped and were soundly defeated – 1.7 million killed, 5 million injured.

Rasputin Tsar Nicholas Romanov and family youngest daughter Anastasia son Alexei Rasputin

March Revolution 1917 Bread riots The 1st Revolution: THE Russian Revolution March Revolution 1917 Bread riots Soldiers sent to end the violent protests side with the demonstrators Czar Nicholas is forced to resign (abdicate) Bloodless revolution Provisional government set up with Alex Kerensky in charge Keeps Russia in the war

Germany takes advantage of Russian unrest Germany knows USA coming to Western front; wants to get rid of Russians on Eastern front Helps exiled Lenin to return

November Revolution 1917 Wages increased between revolutions The 2nd Revolution: the October Revolution November Revolution 1917 Wages increased between revolutions Cost of food and other necessities increased at a higher rate On an average, food increased in price 556 per cent., or 51 per cent more than wages. On an average the above categories of necessities increased about 1,109 per cent, in price, more than twice the increase of salaries Bolsheviks/Communists/Reds take power

November Revolution 1917

November Revolution 1917 Civil War breaks out – Reds (Lenin) vs. Whites (Leon Trotsky) Bolsheviks/Communists also known as Reds win through shear brutality – even when out numbered. Vladimir Lenin leads the revolution based upon his own interpretations of the writings of Karl Marx Lenin signs Treaty of Brest-Litvosk with Germany to get out of war

November Revolution 1917

Peasants Peasants back the Bolsheviks because they promised to redistribute the land owned by the nobility

Marxism Believed humanity was changing, Industrialization was to blame. Horrified by working conditions. Capitalists were getting richer than workers creating a significant gap between the two Believed one of the following would happen: Rich must redistribute wealth A worker led violent revolution

Lenin is the new ruler The first ruler of the USSR His slogan “ Peace, Land, and Bread”

USSR Under the new communism Russia became the U.S.S.R = United Soviet Socialist Republics. It was a federation of socialists republics

Lenin Lenin differed from Marx in his belief that the world wide communist revolution had to be led by a power elite forcing it forward – not just the common man.

Lenin Communist Party was the only party allowed. The use of force and terror through the secret police (Cheka) was necessary and good for the cause Any potential opponent was jailed or murdered

Lenin His Economic Plan was called the Five Year Plan rapid industrialization collective farms the first five year plan worked but at a cost- human rights were violated

Lenin’s Death Died in January 1924. Believed Leon Trotsky should replace him as leader. Trotsky had successfully lead Red Army against the White Army. Had a vision of the Soviet Union in line with Lenin. He wanted to focus on agriculture.

Lenin’s Death The result of Lenin’s death? A power struggle amongst Communist leaders!

Lenin’s Death Lenin believed that Stalin could not handle the power that came with leadership. Stalin believed in the industrialization of the nation. Stalin takes control, has Trotsky killed.

Stalin Stalin has his own Five Year Plans He is terrifyingly brutal He will force the modernization of the Soviet Union through forced communism

Stalin Stalin pushes a collectivization of agriculture The result? Widespread food shortages

Stalin Under Stalin the Soviet Union developed heavy industry and became VERY industrialized

Stalin Stalin’s opponents are either jailed or murdered

Stalin Stalin’s Great Purge – get rid of all opponents

Stalin Gulag Labor Camp

Stalin Under Stalin life was full or censorship and secret police

Which Came First? Russian Revolution March 1917 Bolshevik Revolution Russo Japanese War World War I March 1917 Oct 1917 1904 1914