Types of Production From live multi-camera to single-camera film style

Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape Multi-camera - more than one camera 2-30) Live - telecast/transmitted live, as in right now, as it’s happening (tape delay included) Examples? Examples? Live-to-tape - event/performance occurring live but not broadcast live, recorded to tape instead (concert, interview show) Examples? Examples?

Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape " switched" (edited) as the show progresses studio or field more economical (generally) compromise aesthetics to account for multiple camera angles

Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape Requires a video switcher Crew must work together, director ‘calls the shots’ 2-30 cameras at once

Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape Main personnel: Main personnel: Director - calls shot changes, graphics, controls production Technical director - executes director’s commands Assistant director - assists in setting up shots, keeping operation smooth, times segments

Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape Main personnel: Main personnel: Character generator operator - CG Audio director/engineer Floor director - manages studio floor Camera operators

Single Camera (film style) shot in field, edited in "post" news, drama, documentary, narrative more expensive & time consuming more artistic control Examples? Examples?

Single Camera (film style) Some Key Personnel Depends on type of production - news, documentary, narrative Director - overall creative control Producer - role varies News magazine story - primary researcher and story coordinator Documentary - manager and coordinator of production, travel, crew Narrative - less involvement w/creative side

Single Camera (film style) Some Key Personnel Field Producer Talent Reporter/correspondent (news) Camera Operator/DP

Multi-camera/multi-VTR More than one camera, all recorded independently, then combined in post- production Some interviews Some dramatic/comedy shows/films

Production media - Film 8, 16, 35 mm film Chemical/physical process; expose, develop, transfer to digital Film choice: grain, contrast, low light, resolution Generally more expensive, higher quality

Production media - Film Always edited in post: developed/printed, transferred to digital files, edited on computer then transferred back to film Better contrast ratio (light vs. dark areas in frame) Aesthetically "past" 'historic' look even Aesthetically "past" - tends to have 'historic' look even if shot last week

Production Media: Video "broadcast quality" vs. home Formats Broadcast quality - HD, Beta, BetaSP, DigiBeta, MII, DVCPro, DVC Cam Lower broadcast quality / "Prosumer" - mini DV, HD, SVHS*, Hi8*, 3-chip Consumer grade Consumer grade - VHS*, 8mm*, VHS-C*, 1-chip DV - VHS*, 8mm*, VHS-C*, 1-chip DV *On the verge of extinction *On the verge of extinction

Production media: Video Electronic vs. chemical Light "transduced" into electrical signal, digital code 3-chip vs. 1-chip Contrast ratio, resolution problems relative to film Immediate production, immediacy

Production media: Video Less expensive (in general) Perceived lower quality (in general) Aesthetically "present" - tends to have a 'present' look even if shot years ago 24 frame emulation - gives video a “filmic” look (relatively new development) Smaller and smaller high quality cameras

Production media: Video High definition emerging as a standard for acquisition (cameras) Amazing resolution, color, clarity More cable systems offering HD, more broadcast stations HD cams from $3000 and up (not that expensive) But UNCW still can’t afford it! ;^)

Production Media - Summary UNCW Student Productions use miniDV Field video cams include: Canon XL2 (1) Panasonic DVX 100 (3) Canon XL1 (1) Canon GL1 (2) Studio is capable of recording in miniDV or DVC PRO (DVC PRO is higher quality and standard for local stations)

Production Media - Summary HD production is much more affordable than before but cost still prohibitive - cameras, media storage space, monitors, etc…