Graphing
When to Graph Your Data When "a picture could tell billions of words" To impress people Dramatize a research finding Some people think visually To emphasize something that numbers can't communicate well
Scatter Plot - Raw Data
Histogram - Raw Data Should not have gaps
Column Graph - Categorical Independent Variable
Line Graph - All Kinds of Data
Circle/Pie Graph - Category Proportions
Errors 3-D Color Busy
Where Graphs Come From Data analysis programs SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Dedicated graphing software DeltaGraph Spreadsheets Graphing utilities in other programs Word, PowerPoint Called “chart”
Not all Figures are Graphs Charts Communicate concepts pictorially Organizational chart Process chart (next slide) Drawing Photographs
Chart
Chart Area Plot Area Parts Legend X (Category) axis Y (Value) axis Tick Mark Tick Mark Label/ Categ Label Categ Axis Title Value Axis Title Data series Symbol Line Y axis scale