EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES RESOURCES. EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES.

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Presentation transcript:

EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES RESOURCES

EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES

LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, USA One of fastest growing major cities in the United States (entire developed world) Las Vegas - located in center of Vegas Valley (desert region) Surrounded by Sierra Nevada and Spring Mountains Hot, windy & dry (38°C) Mountains act as barrier from moisture from Pacific Dry (114 mm of precipitation in a year clear days)

LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, USA

Vegas has enough natural water (artesian spring) for 350,000 people Population is 1.95 million 88% of Las Vegas water comes from Lake Mead (at 43% capacity) Las Vegas will need to pump in water from other sources by water crisis USwater crisisUS Lake Mead may be completed dry in 20 years Las Vegas grassLas Vegasgrass

WORLD WATER RESOURCES Earth has 1376 million km % in Oceans ( km 3 ) 2.6% fresh water (36.26 km 3 ) water

FRESH WATER RESOURCES 1.8% glaciers & permanent snow cover (24.87 km 3 ) 0.8% in ground water and permafrost (10.85 km 3 ) 0.007% lakes, rivers & bogs (1.10 km 3 ) % H 2 O in atmosphere (0.01 km 3 )

FRESH WATER RESOURCES Under ideal circumstances there is enough fresh water on the earth to support 20 billion Except 1)most F.W. exists in inaccessible forms (polar glaciers & permafrost and vapour 2)Large reserves not available where demand for water is greatest (e.g. Canada - 60% of rivers drain north away from 90% of population

FRESH WATER RESOURCES 3)Water pollution - 100s of millions of people forced to rely on unsafe water 2.8 billion (40% of world) live with some shortage of fresh water 1.2 billion - severe water shortage 1.6 billion live in economic water shortage global

India Pakistan war India/China Conflict The Nile

FRESH WATER RESOURCES Some improvements since 1990 but still 1 billion people have no access to safe drinking water (1.6 billion have gained access)

Fresh Water Resources Water use has  more than 2x the rate of pop for past century Water scarcity occurs when 75% of river flows are withdrawn 2.5 billion people living without proper sanitation (1 billion in Asia and 1/2 billion Sub- Saharan Africa

Fresh Water Resources Water use has  more than 2x the rate of pop for past century Water scarcity occurs when 75% of river flows are withdrawn 2.5 billion people living without proper sanitation (1 billion in Asia and 1/2 billion Sub-Saharan Africa)

Fresh Water Resources 70% of pop without proper sanitation live in rural areas In sub-Sahara Africa (21 countries) - 16% of poor and 79% of rich have access to sanitation

Fresh Water Resources 70% of pop without proper sanitation live in rural areas In sub-Sahara Africa (21 countries) - 16% of poor and 79% of rich have access to sanitation

Millennium Development Goals Part of MDG’s to end poverty by 2015 Goal #7 - Environmental Sustainability Target #3 - Halve the proportion of world population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

Millennium Development Goals Diarrhea - 4 billion cases per year million deaths (most children under age of 5) - 88% of cases due to unsafe water, poor sanitation Trachoma - 5 million people visually impaired - infection rate could  by 27% with improve water MDG7

Millennium Development Goals Schistosomiasis million infected - could be  by 77% improved water and sanitation Intestinal worms - infect 1/3 of world pop - undernutrition caused by infections can lead to cognitive impairment, anemia or massive dysentery

Top Ten Sources of Fresh Water - Percentage of World Total Brazil % Russia - 8.1% Canada - 6% United States - 5.6% Indonesia - 5.1% China - 5.1% Colombia - 3.9% Peru - 3.5% India - 3.5% DRC - 2.3%

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