Cities combating climate change: Sustainable energy strategies in Barcelona UNFCCC COP-10 Buenos Aires, Argentina, December 2004

THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN THE PRESENT GLOBAL ENERGY SCENARIO As in many European Countries, in Spain the energy sector is involved in a transition process towards liberalization The increase of renewable energy generation grows slower than the energy consumption Energy sector is centralised & various levels of government are responsible for energy matters 75% of the world energy consumption is used to maintain the complex organisation of cities local administration must be involved ! consumer generatordistributor

Sustainable Energy Strategies at the local level Each local energy strategy must be adapted to each local context Segou, Mali Barcelona, Spain Buenos Aires, Argentina

 MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan Barcelona Energy Agency  PROMOTION POLICIES information and awareness raising campaigns, fiscal incentives  DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS Solar PV schools, solar thermal installations in sports utilities  INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY MESURES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENTS Forum 2004 area  LEGAL INSTRUMENTS Barcelona Solar Thermal Ordinance Sustainable energy strategies in Barcelona

Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan = Energy Diagnosis Energy Diagnosis + Local Action Plan 2010 Local Action Plan 2010 Objetives:  Reduce energy consumption  Increase Energy efficiency  Increase the use of renewable energy  Reduce atmospheric emissions GHG emissions reduced by 20.3% Energy Consumption reduced by 4.14% 2010

Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan (3) Local Action Plan 2010 Local Action Plan 2010 RESIDENTIAL PUBLIC BUILDINGS GRID COMERCIAL AND SERVICES OFICES TRANSPORT GENERAL RENEWABLE ENERGIESENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY SAVING

Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan (3) Local Action Plan 2010 Local Action Plan 2010 RESIDENTIAL PUBLIC BUILDINGS GRID COMERCIAL AND SERVICES OFICES TRANSPORT GENERAL Managment and Revison of legal Information and education information syst. Frameworkand comunication

LA SALLE BONANOVA SPORTS FACILITY 30 sqm of solar thermal panels 80 kWp PV Installation JOAN SERRAHIMA ATHLETICS’ STADIUM. 43 sqm of solar thermal panels BERNAT PICORNELL OLYMPIC SWIMMING POOL 334 sqm of solar thermal panels CEIP TABER PRIMARY SCHOOL 30 kWp PV installation Promotion Policies and demonstration projects

Combined strategies INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY MEASURES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS HIGH EFFICIENT CCGT 800 MW (old fuel power plant dismantled) DISTRICT HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM URBAN SOLAR PV POWER STATION 1,300 kWp PV installation

The Urban Solar PV Power Station in the FORUM 2004 area Instalment of m 2 of photovoltaic modules = 1,3 Mwp sq located on a large photovoltaic pergola sq will create a structre offering areas of shade on the Forum Esplanade (to be installed after the event)

 MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan Barcelona Energy Agency  PROMOTION POLICIES information and awareness raising campaigns, fiscal incentives  DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS Solar PV schools, solar thermal installations in sports utilities  INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY MESURES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENTS Forum 2004 area  LEGAL INSTRUMENTS Barcelona Solar Thermal Ordinance Sustainable energy strategies in Barcelona

The Barcelona Solar Thermal Ordinance: evaluation and results Barcelona Energy Agency, April 2004

Barcelona Solar Thermal Ordinance  Aim: to promote and regulate through local legislation the installation of low- temperature systems for collecting and using active solar energy for the production of hot water for buildings.  According to this bylaw all new buildings (with a demand > 296 MJ/day) and buildings undergoing major refurbishment are obligated to use solar energy to supply 60% of their running hot water requirements.  Area of application: City of Barcelona

2.477 hours of sunshine/year Solar radiation1.502 kWh/sqm (flat surface) The hours of sunshine of Barcelona are equal to: -10 times the total energy consumption, and - 28 times the total electric consumption. The sun in Barcelona

Approval process of the Ordinance July 1999 Solar thermal ordinance approved by Barcelona City Council Year of non application (moratorium) 2000 Pioneer experience Entry into force and application of the Ordinance August 2000 Consensus period with: - Property developers - Construction companies - Architects association -Installation contractors 1995 Previous debate 1998 First draft Initial resistance

The chain reaction Over 35 city councils across Spain have followed Barcelona’s example PAMPLONA 10/02 MADRID 11/03 SEVILLA 7/02 BURGOS 3/03 Shown: Date of approval BARCELONA 7/99 SANT JOAN DESPÍ 11/99 MONTCADA I REIXAC 10/00 ESPLUGUES DE LLOBREGAT11/01 TERRASSA2/02 CARDEDEU6/02 SANT CUGAT DEL VALLES11/02 … FUENGIROLA 1/03 GRANADA 1/03 ROTA 6/02 ONIL 6/01

Global results 1,650 sqm installed 1.1 sqm /1,000 inhabitants 21,486 sqm (licenses requested for) sqm /1,000 inhabitants BEFORE THE ORDINANCE AFTER THE ORDINANCE (October’04) Energy Savings: 17,190 MWh/year Economic Savings: 1.5 M€/year Emissions Avoided: 3,022 CO 2 ton/year

Distribution by uses NOTE: Figures in sqm 41% of new buildings under construction are including solar thermal panels

Future development Objective: 96,300 sqm of solar thermal panels by 2010

Challenges and improvement measures  Integration of this pioneer experience into National and regional legislative frameworks.  Development of awareness raising campaigns and guide documents both general users and technical staff  Guarantee the quality and the correct functioning of the installations (further development of national or european certification systems)  Promotion of architectural integration Currently undergoing a participatory process to update & review of the text of the solar ordinance

Thank you for your atention !!