{ Rise of the Ottoman Empire Turkish Delight

 Mainly the Roman empire  Characterized by the shifting of pagan rituals in Rome to a Greek Christian religion based in Constantinople Byzantine Empire C.E.

Fall of the Byzantine Empire

 Response by Turks to the declining Byzantine Empire  Main Religion: Islam  Situated just south of Constantinople Ottoman Empire 1299-

 A series of wars lead to the expansion of Ottoman empire from the territories below Constantinople to the surrounding areas  Fall of Constantinople 1453  Destruction of the last vestiges of the Byzantine Empire Rise of the Empire

 Very important Christian city  Economic powerhouse  Trading hub Constantinople

 Fuelled by Constantinople the Ottoman empire expands deep into Europe Expansion

 Sultan  Islamic for, strength, or dictator  Un-disputed ruler Government

 Religious and ethnic minorities were allowed to manage their affairs with relative autonomy  3 distinct classes  Christians were able to be governed under Canon Law (Christian Law)  Jews under the Halakha (Jewish Law)  Muslims under the Sharia (Islamic Law) Tolerance – The millet

 Although still expanding up until 1600, the empire was beginning to decay under weak sultans  Whereas previous sultans were very progressive, new sultans were conservative, stifling innovation  E.g. the printing press lagged 100 years after the invention before widespread use in Constantinople  Termed the “devils machine”  1683 The Battle of Vienna  Ottoman Empire checked by the Holy Roman Empire and Poland Decay

 Many nations had gained independence  Egypt, Arabia, Algeria, Greece, Serbia, Montenegro  If still administered by Ottoman, in name only  Egypt and others began to become under British and French Influence 1850’s

 First modern war  Troop movements on train  Modern telegraph used  Britain, France, Kingdom of Sardinia and Ottoman Empire fight and defeat the Russians  Was a war to stop Russian Expansion into the Balkans  over the “sick man of Europe” (Ottoman Empire) War! - Crimean

 The break up of the Ottoman Empire lead to new nations but many problems  Some nationalities were in two different nations such as the Serbs  Repercussions for WWI Eventual Break Up

 The Ottoman empire was an Islamic empire that although initially was very politically and ethnically liberal eventually reverted to a regressive conservative ideology that eventually destroyed them Conclusion