Forest Structure & Distribution Across the Giant Panda Geographic Range Jianguo (Jack) Liu (Michigan State University) Zhiyun Ouyang (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Jiaguo Qi (Michigan State University) Andrés Viña (Michigan State University)
National Conservation Programs National Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) Liu et al., PNAS
Giant Panda Habitat Forest cover (broadleaf, coniferous and mixed) Altitudinal range between m < 45 o slopes > 95% of diet is composed of bamboo
Giant Panda’s Geographic Range Historical RangeCurrent Range Restricted to 3 Provinces and 6 Mountain Regions
Objectives Assess the spatial distribution of forests Evaluate structural characteristics of the forests at plot scales Develop techniques for up-scaling from plots to the entire panda geographic range
Field Data 540 field plots: Forest cover/type Elevation, slope, aspect Stem density & basal area Tree species composition Presence of Giant Panda signs
MODIS Forest Distribution Forest Cover ~ 30% of Giant Panda Range Coniferous ~ 48% Deciduous Broadleaf ~ 32% Mixed ~ 20%
Altitudinal Distribution PCF – Planted Coniferous Forest NCF – Natural Coniferous Forest DF – Deciduous Forest PMF – Planted Mixed Forest MF – Mixed Forest
Structure
210 tree species in 109 genera 22 Bamboo species in 6 genera Few species are widespread across the entire study area Species Diversity
Mantel Tests Inter-plot Floristic & RS Similarity Matrices Euclidean/Jaccard Matrices Tree Spp. Similarityp-value Spectral Similarity0.133< 0.05 NDVI Time Series Similarity 0.360< VARI Time Series Similarity 0.382< 0.001
Floristic and Phenologic Ordinations Floristic – Non-metric multidimensional scaling Phenologic – Polar Coordinate Transformation
Floristic vs. Phenologic
Nature Reserve Representation
Conclusions Forest constitutes a dominant land cover type Altitudinal gradient explains the distribution of forest types Significant structural differences occur among forest types
Conclusions A significant relation was found between floristic and phenologic similarities Time series of VARI exhibited the highest relationship with floristic similarity Time series of vegetation indices thus constitute suitable surrogates for evaluating floristic similarity across large geographic regions.
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