Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Operations Chief Jay Shanley Orlando Sanford International Airport Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ARFF Operations Staffing Levels ARFF Index Determination ARFF Capabilities ALERT Levels Planned Response What to Expect from ARFF Services In-Flight Medical Water Rescue Operations Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ARFF Communications Video Presentation on DEF Letter of Agreement w/ Tower Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Staffing Levels Vary from Airport to Airport Minimum--- One FF per Vehicle Maximum--- Three FF per vehicle Even Largest Airports only have 5-10 directly assigned to ARFF Duties Economics drive staffing levels Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination 14 CFR 139.315 determines Index by length of Air Carrier and Average Daily Departures Index A = Aircraft less than 90 feet Index B = Aircraft between 90 and 126 feet Index C = Aircraft between 126 and 159 feet Index D = Aircraft between 159 and 200 feet Index E = Aircraft greater then 200 feet Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination Index A = Aircraft less than 90 feet One Vehicle carrying at least: 500 lbs. Sodium-based dry chemical or 450 lbs. Potassium-based dry chemical and Water with quantity of foam to make 100 gallons of finished product for simultaneous discharge of dry chemical and AFFF Foam application Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination Index B = Aircraft between 90 and 126 feet One or Two vehicles with Dry chemical as in Index A and 1500 gallons Water / Foam Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination Index C = Aircraft between 126 and 159 feet Two or Three Vehicles One with dry chemical as in Index A and 3000 gallons of Water / Foam Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination Index D = Aircraft between 159 and 200 feet Three Vehicles One with dry chemical as in Index A and 4000 gallons of Water / Foam Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

ARFF Index Determination Index E = Aircraft 200 feet and Longer Three Vehicles One with dry chemical as in Index A and 6000 gallons of Water / Foam Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ALERT LEVELS Common terminology Nationwide Alert 1 Alert 2 Alert 3 Some indicate aircraft size by phonetics Alert 1-A Alert 1-B Alert 1-C Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ALERT LEVELS ALERT 1 = Minor malfunctions that Don’t constitute threat to aircraft or passengers Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ALERT LEVELS ALERT 1 = Minor malfunctions that Don’t constitute threat to aircraft or passengers ALERT 2 = Situations if not contained WILL endanger aircraft and passengers Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ALERT LEVELS ALERT 1 = Minor malfunctions that Don’t constitute threat to aircraft or passengers ALERT 2 = Situations if not contained WILL endanger aircraft and passengers ALERT 3 = Imminent or actual crash of an aircraft on or near the Airport Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Planned Response Assign duties and responsibilities Plan for mutual Aid, pre-assign Plan for evidence preservation Train routinely to include tabletop and full exercises. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Planned Response Response is broken into six different escalating levels in a matrix Three ALERT levels, 1,2,and 3 Three INDEX levels, A,B and C Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Anticipated Response during an Index A - ALERT 3 Incident Aircraft less than 90 feet Passengers level between 1-9 Complete ARFF Response 3 – ALS Rescues Units 2- NON Emergency 1 – Battalion Chief 1 – Engine Company 1 – Tanker Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Anticipated Response during an Index B - ALERT 3 Incident Aircraft between 90 and 126 feet Passengers level between 10 - 49 Complete ARFF Response 3 – ALS Rescues Units All Emergency 2 – Battalion Chief 2 – Engine Company 1 – Tanker 1 – Tower Truck Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Anticipated Response during an Index C - ALERT 3 Incident Aircraft between 126 and 159 feet Passengers level 50 and above Complete ARFF Response 3 – ALS Rescues Units All Emergency 2 – Battalion Chief 2 – Engine Company 2 – Tanker 2 – Tower Truck Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 What to Expect from ARFF Rapid, Professional, Courteous Response to ALL calls for Assistance. Don’t Hesitate to activate the Emergency System. Ask to activate the DEF and advise Flight Crew of critical info helpful to effective decision making Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

What to expect from ARFF If time permits ARFF will be at Predetermined Standby Locations for each Runway Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 9L-27R 9C-27C 18-36 9R-27L Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

What to expect from ARFF If time permits ARFF will be at Predetermined Standby Locations for each Runway If significant problem i.e.: Fire, Smoke expect ARFF truck to meet you Head-On after you have ceased movement. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

What to expect from ARFF If time permits ARFF will be at Predetermined Standby Locations for each Runway If significant problem i.e.: Fire, Smoke expect ARFF truck to meet you Head-On after you have ceased movement. Expect a AFFF Foam Blanket Application Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

What to expect from ARFF If time permits ARFF will be at Predetermined Standby Locations for each Runway If significant problem i.e.: Fire, Smoke expect ARFF truck to meet you Head-On after you have ceased movement. Expect a AFFF Foam Blanket Application Expect Rescue if Incapacitated Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 AFTER RESCUE Begin triage of victims Establish Treatment Areas Arrange for Transportation Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 TRIAGE Victim/Patient Sorting 1 minute or less w/patient Categorize into 4 groups Minor, Moderate, Severe, Dead Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 TREATMENT Airway, Breathing, Circulation Advanced Skills if available Some may be at treatment for hours depending on hospital circumstances Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 TRANSPORT Ambulance, Helicopter, Bus Provide Medical Staff for buses too. Remember Accountability Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 EVIDENCE Preserve Evidence as if Crime Scene Mark and Identify patient locations Photo-document early-on if capable Write narratives and critique ASAP Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Medical Emergencies “In Flight” Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Medical “In Flight” Emergencies Standby at far end of runway or at designated site. Never chase a plane. Have EMS Transport Unit and Air Stairs on site. Be prepared to respond to Aircraft on the field, if requested. If not serious, escort plane to gate. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Medical Emergencies, Info Potentially Received from DEF What medications are they taking? Alcohol ingested? Skin appearance? Blue, Pale, Sweating, Dry, Hot Breathing,Not breathing, Is CPR in progress???? Is an AED on board? Your updated ETA? Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Water Rescue Operations Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Water Rescue Operations In water landings complicate rescue operations. They add a degree of urgency. Don’t get caught up in the frenzy. Fuel on the water may be a hazard Your Airport Emergency Plan should provide for such events, by establishing response coordination, and communication with water rescue teams. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Water Rescue Operations It is highly RECCOMMENDED that you practice your plan for an in water landing routinely…………….in FLORIDA Water is everywhere…. Even small planes can crash into backyard pools. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Water Rescue Operations Most victims will self rescue if capable. Aquatic rescue is a specialized field. Adequate training should be completed before embarking on these missions. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Questions??? Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Communications Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 ARFF Communications Clear, concise communications are essential. Multiple radios complicate command. Routine communications still on TOWER Frequency. Nationwide system (DEF)developed in 1999 to reduce ARFF communication complexities Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 What is the DEF? Discrete Emergency Frequency Alternate frequency for emergencies ATCT, Flight crew, and ARFF command can initiate. Designed to assist ARFF in mitigating aircraft emergencies & incidents. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Use of the D.E.F. Authorized ONLY by ATCT Pilot or airport command must request DEF, (AC 150/5210-7c). ONLY THREE ON FREQUENCY The Flight Crew Air Traffic Control Tower Airport ARFF Command Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Why do we need a D.E.F.? Aircraft emergencies are complex in nature. i.e., cargo fire, passenger heart attack. Main players can concentrate on mission. Pass on Vital information otherwise limited on busy tower/ground frequencies. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

What the ARFF Commander Needs From Pilots Nature of the emergency. Aircraft type. Souls on board (S.O.B). E.T.A. Landing runway. Fuel remaining. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Discrete Emergency Frequency The pilot determines if an evacuation is necessary. The ARFF commander needs to know pilot intentions to properly position emergency equipment and personnel for rescue & firefighting operations. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 The Pilot Is in Command The pilot is responsible for the safety of the passengers and crew. We can see where they can’t. Our information assists them in decision making. Continuously advise pilot of actions you are taking until emergency is terminated. Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

DISCREET EMERGENCY FREQUENCY VIDEO Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002

Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002 Questions ?? Orlando Sanford Airport ARFF-2002