The Tourism Geography of Austria, Germany and Switzerland

Learning Objectives 1. Describe the major physical regions and climates of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland and understand their importance for tourism. 2. Recognise that the strength of the economies of the three countries encourages demand for outbound tourism but their reputation as expensive destinations deters inbound tourism. 3. Recognise the special contribution of Austria and Germany to world culture and the importance of the cultural heritage. 4. Appreciate the importance of winter sports tourism to the Alpine region and its environmental impact. 5. Understand that stagnating demand for tourism to Austria, Germany and Switzerland has led to a restructuring of the national tourism organisations. 6. Describe the main features of the tourism industries in the three countries. 7. Demonstrate a knowledge of the tourist regions, resorts, business centres, and tourist attractions of Austria, Germany and Switzerland.

Austria, Germany and Switzerland: Introduction Key position in central Europe North German Plain Central Uplands Alps Mainly continental climate Federal republics Strong economies

Austria Demand Domestic and outbound Inbound Supply Transport Accommodation Organisation Resources The Tyrol Vorarlberg Salzburg/ Salzkammergut Styria Carinthia Danube Vienna

Switzerland: Introduction Tourism developed early due to: –Transit visitors –Travellers early attraction to ‘romantic’ alps –Transport developments –Health tourism –Winter sports –Trading centre

Switzerland Demand Domestic and outbound Inbound Supply Transport Accommodation Organisation Resources Bernese Oberland The Valais Lake Lucerne The Grisons Lake Geneva The Ticino The Mittelland The Jura

Germany No tourism image Division of east and west Fall of the Berlin Wall, 1989

Germany Demand Domestic and outbound Inbound Supply Transport Accommodation Organisation

Germany: Resources North North Sea Coast Baltic Coast Hamburg Bremen Hanover Central Germany Harz Mountains Rhineland Dusseldorf Cologne Bonn Frankfurt South Black Forest Romantic Road Bavarian Alps Munich

Germany: Resources Eastern Germany Leipzig Dresden Berlin