Forces and Friction Week of October 15th. What is a force?  A push or a pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force.

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Presentation transcript:

Forces and Friction Week of October 15th

What is a force?  A push or a pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force has size and direction.

Changes  Forces cause changes in motion.  A force can change acceleration; can be a change in the speed or direction of an object.

Newton  The SI unit for force  Symbol, N

Forces Acting on Objects  All forces act on objects.  Something must receive the push or pull.  Just because a force acts on an object doesn’t mean that motion will occur.

Net Force  The combination of all of the forces acting on an object.

Same direction  Forces in the same direction are added together to determine the net force.

Different direction  Forces in opposite directions are subtracted to determine the net force.

Balanced forces  Forces are balanced when the forces on an object produce a net force of 0 N.  Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion.

Examples of Balanced Forces  House of cards  Chair you’re sitting on  Table you lean on

Unbalanced forces  Forces are unbalanced when the net force on an object is not 0 N.  Unbalanced forces produce a change in motion.

Examples of unbalanced forces  Action in sports  Pushing your chair in  Sliding your books across a table.

Friction

 A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact.

Source of Friction  All surfaces have hills and valleys.  When two surfaces are in contact, the hills and valleys of one surface sticks to the hills and valleys of another.

Amount of Friction  Amount of friction depends on many factors.  Two factors are the force pushing the surfaces together and the roughness of the surfaces.

Amount of friction  More force exerted causes more friction.  The rougher the surface is, the greater the friction is.

Types of Friction  Kinetic Friction  Static Friction

Kinetic Friction  The friction between moving surfaces.  The amount of kinetic friction depends on how the surfaces move.

Examples of Kinetic Friction  Brakes on a bicycle  Writing  Wheels

Static Friction  Static friction occurs when a force is applied to on object but does not cause the object to move.

Static vs. Kinetic Friction  Static friction disappears as soon as an object starts moving and then kinetic friction immediately occurs.

Friction  Harmful and Helpful  Increase and decrease friction