WHERE IS ALL THE WORLD’S WATER?

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS GLOBAL HYDROLOGIC STORES

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 All Blue figures in thousands of Km 3

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

HOW MUCH WATER MOVES BETWEEN THE STORES?

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 23% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 77% 23% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 16% 77% 23% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 84% 16% 77% 23% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 84% 16% 77% 23% -7% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 84% 16% 77% 23% -7% +7% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ANNUAL GLOBAL FLUX 577 Precip. Evap. 84% 16% 77% 23% -7% +7% Global Runoff 7% All Blue figures in thousands of km 3.

WHAT IS “AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME”? $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $? Volume of Store = $10 bills Input = $1 bill per day Output = $1 bill per day On average, how many days is the “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store?

AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $? Volume of Store = $10 bills Input = $1 bill per day Output = $1 bill per day On average, how many days is the “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store? 10 days.

AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $? Volume of Store = $20 bills Input = $1 bill per day Output = $1 bill per day On average, how many days is the “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store? $ $ $ $ $ $ $$ $ $ What happens if I increase the number of bills in the store to 20?

AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $? Volume of Store = $20 bills Input = $1 bill per day Output = $1 bill per day On average, how many days is the “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store? 20 days! $ $ $ $ $ $ $$ $ $ What happens if I increase the number of bills in the store to 20?

AS SIZE OF STORE INCREASES AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME INCREASES.

AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ? Volume of Store = $10 bills Input = 2 dollar bills per day Output = 2 dollar bills per day On average, how many days is a “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store? What happens if I increase the rate of inputs and outputs of bills in the store to 10?

AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ? Volume of Store = $10 bills Input = 2 dollar bills per day Output = 2 dollar bills per day On average, how many days is a “red” dollar bill likely to stay in the store? 5 days! What happens if I increase the rate of inputs and outputs of bills in the store to 10?

AS RATES OF INPUTS AND OUTPUTS (AVERAGE FLUX) INCREASE. AVERAGE RESIDENCE TIME DECREASES.

Avg. Residence = 1,338,000,000 / 484,680 = 2760 years

Avg. Residence = 47,659,600 / 132,710 = 359 years

Avg. Residence = 12,900 / 577,000 = 0.02 yrs (7.3 days)

2-3,000 yrs 0.02 yrs 400 yrs

Kinetic Energy -: By virtue of motion

Potential Energy -: By virtue of position above some datum Sea –level datum Increasing Potential Energy

GRAVITY CONVERTS POTENTIAL TO KINETIC Potential Energy increased by Impounding water behind dam. Raises reservoir level Converted to Kinetic Energy to drive turbines.

ATMOSPHERE OCEANSCONTINENTS 1,338, ,660 97%2.999% 0.001% ENERGY IN GLOBAL SYSTEM Precip. Evap. Renewal of Potential Energy via Sun Release of Kinetic Energy on the Earth’s surface