Integrating Voice with Data Over a Leased Line Quick Start Guide Wael Yousif @ Valencia Community College

Major Configuration Tasks Step 1 Configure your IP network to support real-time voice traffic. Before you move to the next step, ping the remote router to make sure you have an IP connection. Step 2 Configure your router to support voice ports: Foreign exchange station (FXS). The default voice-port values are usually adequate for FXS Step 3 Enter configuration mode to configure your router for VoIP traffic. Step 4 Save the configuration. Step 5 Establish a dial plan to determine how the call can be routed. Use the dial-peer voice command to define dial peers and to implement the dial plan. Step 6 Fine-tune your network to adequately support VoIP by configuring a series of protocols and features for quality of service (QoS).

Voice and data on IP Networks How to configure Cisco modular routers to carry voice traffic such as telephone calls and faxes over an IP network

Installing Voice Network Modules Two-Slot Voice Network Module Convert telephone voice signals into a from that can be transmitted over an IP network

Installing Voice Network Modules

Voice Interface Cards There are three types of VICs: An FXS (Foreign Exchange Station): Connects to standard Phone or Fax Machine. An FXO (Foreign Exchange Office): Connects local calls to a PSTN Central Office. E&M (Ear and Mouth): Connects remote Calls from an IP network to a PBX for local Distribution

Connecting Voice Interface Cards to the Network RJ11 RJ11 RJ48S

Connecting a Voice Gateway to a PBX Using E&M An Ear and Mouth (E&M) interface is used to support tie-line facilities or signals between telephone switches. The E&M voice interface card (VIC) is mostly used to integrate VoIP with the legacy voice solution, connecting the Cisco router to a PBX.

Voice Port Numbering Example: Suppose you install a two-slot voice network module in the upper right slot of a Cisco 3640 router, and install two VICs in the module. Each VIC has two ports. From right to left, these ports would be numbered 2/0/0, 2/0/1, 2/1/0, and 2/1/1.

Configuring FXS Interfaces (West) Local Dial Peers: Associating a telephone number to a voice port For instance, if a call comes in for 408 555-3737, the router needs to know that this phone is connected to FXS VIC 2/0/0. Cisco IOS uses objects called dial peers to accomplish this task Configuring dial peers is similar to configuring static IP routes Dial peers are identified by numbers: 32-bit field Dial peer numbers are also known as dial peer tags

Configuring FXS Interfaces (West) This type of dial peer is called POTS A POTS dial-peer associates a physical voice port with a local telephone device VoIP dial-peers will be discussed later However, the dial-peer command always takes the argument voice Destination Pattern (dest-pat) = telephone number, and always begin with + sign A destination pattern can also include other signs such as #, or *. (coming up)

Configuring FXS Interfaces (East)

Configuring FXS Interfaces (East)

Checking the Configuration You should now be able to place calls between telepnones connected to the same router. Use the command: router# show dial-peer voice The above command verifies that the data you configured is correct

Wild cards and Number Expansion Office PBXs are configured so a user can dial a local call within the same PBX by dialing the extension only For example dial five-digit extension 53737 instead of 1 408555-3737 The same shortcut can be provided on a VoIP network by using the number-expansion command.

Wild cards and Number Expansion For instance, to expand 53737 into 408 555-3737, enter the following command: West(config)# num-exp 53737 +4085553737 Wild cards can also be used in number expansion as follows: West(config)# num-exp 5…. +408555…. The period (.) is used as a wild-card character representing a single digit. Use the command: west# show num-exp to verify your configuration. Now, you should be able to dial using the extension number.

Calling between Routers West and East offices would like to send voice traffic over the same IP network they use to send data traffic. IP routers know how to locate IP addresses on the network, but they do not know how to locate telephone numbers. To route an outgoing voice call over this connection, the West router has to associate a telephone number in the East office with the IP address of the East router.

Remote Dial Peers/VoIP Dial Peers This goal is accomplished by configuring Voice Over IP Dial Peers The term VoIP means that the dial peer associates a telephone number with an IP address. As opposed to POTS dial peers which associates a physical voice port such as FXS with a telephone number

Remote Dial Peers/VoIP Dial Peers Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag East 919 958-8282 +19199588282 192.168.10.2 501 919 958-9595 +19199589595 502

Remote Dial Peers with Wild Cards Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag East 919 958-xxxx +1919958…. 192.168.10.2 501 One Remote Dial Peer to reach all phones on the East Router

Even Better, Configure Number Expansion Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag East 919 958-8282 +19199588282 192.168.10.2 501 919 958-9595 +19199589595 502 With Wild Cards Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag East 919 958-xxxx +1919958…. 192.168.10.2 501 West(config) # num-exp 8…. +1919958….

Configuration Commands Reset the router: if your router displays this message: “would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [ys]:” then it has already been reset. Just answer no and move on to step 3. If your router asks for a password try one of the following: conpass, compass, cisco, or class (if configured, you have to enter a password for the console and another to get to privileged mode) West>enable West#erase start Westr#reload Configure the serial interface with an IP address router> enable Router# config t Router(config) # hostname West West(config) # int s0/0 (or S0/1, depending on where your cable is connected) West(config-if) # i p address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 West(config-if) # clock rate 56000 (if DCE) West(config-if) # no shut Save your config West# copy run start Verify that your interface is up: West# show ip int brief

Configuration Commands Configure VoIP dial peers: West(config) # dial-peer voice 501 voip West(config-dial-peer) # dest-pat +1919958…. West(config-dial-peer) # session-target ipv4:192.168.10.2

Apply the same config to East router Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag West Remote Location Phone # Destination Pattern IP add Dial Peer Tag East West(config) # num-exp

Apply the same config to East router Reset the router: if your router displays this message: “would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [ys]:” then it has already been reset. Just answer no and move on to step 3. If your router asks for a password try one of the following: conpass, compass, cisco, or class (if configured, you have to enter a password for the console and another to get to privileged mode) West>enable West#erase start Westr#reload Configure the serial interface with an IP address router> enable Router# config t Router(config) # hostname West West(config) # int s0/0 (or S0/1, depending on where your cable is connected) West(config-if) # i p address _________________________ West(config-if) # clock rate 56000 (if DCE) West(config-if) # no shut Save your config West# copy run start Verify that your interface is up: West# show ip int brief Ping the remote Interface

Apply the same config to East router West(config) # dial-peer voice West(config-dial-peer) # dest-pat West(config-dial-peer) # session-target ipv4:

Configuring the IP Network for Real-Time Voice Traffic VoIP Commands require the IP Plus, Desktop Plus, or Enterprise Plus image, Cisco IOS Release 11.3(1)T or later Voice traffic is much more sensitive to timing variations than data traffic You might need to configure your data network so voice packets are not lost or delayed

Configuring the IP Network for Real-Time Voice Traffic Three important methods of improving QoS (The level of network performance needed for VoIP connections) Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) Multilink PPP Interleaving Real Time Transport Protocol header compression (RTP header compression)

PPP or HDLC Serial Links Do we Need QOS PPP or HDLC Serial Links Fast Ethernet

When to Use RSVP Serial links between two routers using HDLC or PPP encapsulation (Such as the case in leased lines) Links Slower than 2 Mbps and with high utilization

Requesting RSVP After configuring RSVP on the WAN interface as we did back on slide 13, Configure each VoIP dial peer to request an RSVP session, using the req-qos command: West(config) # dial-peer voice 501 voip West (config-dial-peer) # req-qos controlled-load Apply the same config to the VoIP dial peer at the East router Check and verify your configuration on both routers using the command: west# show dial-peer voice

When to Use Multilink PPP Interleaving? ISDN links BRI or PRI Links Slower than 2 Mbps

When to Use RTP Compression Can be combined with RSVP or with Multilink PPP Interleaving Use when you are trying to save bandwidth on slow serial links (less than 2 Mbps) Configuration: Router(config-if)# ip rtp header-compression Compression must be enabled at both ends of the serial link.

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