Writing Conventions 1.1, Demonstrate control of grammar, diction, and sentence structure. ELD standard/s: Writing Conventions 3/4: Revise writing for appropriate word choice...with variation in grammatical forms and spelling. 5: Edit writing for mechanics to approximate standard grammatical forms.

Prior Knowledge? Discuss the following questions with your table partner. What does it mean to conjugate a verb? What are the verb tenses? Why is verb conjugation important in English?

Spanish speakers/learners: What is the difference between: hablar, hablando, hablado? What about: comer, comiendo, comido?

6 Verb Tenses Present Tense: expresses an action or state of being that is occurring now, at the present time. This tense is usually formed by adding (s/es) Martina (to race) _____ down the court and (to shoot) _____ the ball. Your turn: The gravity of the moon (to pull)_____ the tides.

Past Tense: expresses an action or state of being that occurred in the past and did not continue. Usually formed by adding (d/ed) or (changing inside vowel) In the last lap the runner (to fall)_____ and (to injure)_____ his knee. Future Tense: expresses an action or state of being that will occur; uses the helping verb will. The president ___________ to Washington today.

New to you Present Perfect: expresses an action or a state of being that occurred at an indefinite time in the past; uses helping verb have or has. Miguel (to enter) ____________ the information. has entered Also expresses an action or state of being that began in the past and continues into the present Mr. Steele (to teach) __________ school for twenty years. has taught

6 Tenses timeline Past Present Future Present Perfect

Past Perfect: expresses an action or a state of being that ended before some other past action; uses the helping verb had. Paul had travelled several miles before he realized his mistake. had travelled = past perfect realized = past Write your own sentence using the past perfect verb tense.

Past Present Future Past Perfect Present Perfect

Future Perfect: expresses an action or a state of being that will end before some other future occurrence; uses the helping verbs will have or shall have. By the time school begins in August, you will have saved enough money to buy a car. buy a car = future occurrence will have = future perfect helping verbs saved = past tense Write your own sentence using the future perfect verb tense.

Past Present Future Past Perfect Present Perfect Future Perfect

Two More! Progressive form: expresses continuing action or state of being; uses the verb be + present participle of a verb Present Participle: ‘ing’ ending to a verb is another form of each tense, but does not carry any time. Ex: She is waiting: present progressive Ex: She was waiting: past progressive Ex: She will be waiting: future progressive

Emphatic form: The present and past tense use this form to show emphasis. present form uses do or does + verb past form uses did + verb Used for: Emphasizing a statement: Surfing does require practice. Denying a statement: No, I do not like them. Asking a question: Do you play the guitar? Making a sentence negative: She did not own a car.

When does the action take place? What is the verb tense? We did send out invitations. past > past emphatic I will make a timeline before this weekend. future Ms. Wong was the club sponsor for five years. past I think that I have seen her somewhere before. present > present/present perfect

Conjugate the Verb I (to make) a timeline of the middle ages before this weekend. Future Perfect The jury (to reach) a verdict. Present Perfect We (to send) out invitations. Present Progressive

Guided Practice

Independent Practice