Heat, Thermal Energy, and Temperature

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Presentation transcript:

Heat, Thermal Energy, and Temperature

What is Heat? The measurement of Energy that flows from something with a higher temperature to something with a lower temperature. HOT COLD

What is Thermal Energy? It is the measurement of the TOTAL kinetic energy of the particles of matter.

What is Temperature? It is the measurement of the AVERAGE kinetic energy of the particles of matter.

Temperature Scales To construct a thermometer scale: 1) Select Two naturally occurring fixed events Freezing and Boiling Point of water are normally chosen. 2) Then numbers are assigned to these points 3) Then the space in-between is divided into a fixed number of equal degrees.

Temperature Scales The 3 main temperature scales Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin

Uses of the Scales Fahrenheit scale is used for engineering and Household purposes. Celsius scale is universally used for ALL scientific measurements

The Fahrenheit Scale Daniel G. Fahrenheit (1686-1736) He was a German Physicist who invented: Alcohol Thermometer in 1709 Mercury Thermometer in 1714. The Fahrenheit Scale in 1724

The Fahrenheit Scale The fixed points on which he created the Fahrenheit scale were: A mixture of ice water and salt as the low AND The human body temperature as the high.

°F Scale cont. Boiling point became = ________ Freezing point became = _________ 32 0F

And the freezing point = 100 Celsius Scale The fixed points on which this scale was created, were the Boiling and Freezing point of water. Original scale had boiling point = 0 And the freezing point = 100

Celsius Scale These were later reversed so the Boiling Point = 100 0C Freezing Point = 0 0C The original name was the CENTIGRADE scale In 1948 it was renamed in honor of the original creator, Anders Celsius (1701 – 1744)

Kelvin Scale Named for William Thomson (1824 – 1907) He became Lord Kelvin of Largs in 1892 His scale is based on the temperature at which ALL molecular movement STOPS.

Kelvin Scale This temperature is known as Absolute Zero = 0 K Boiling point of water = 373 K Freezing point of water = 273 K

Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? What is the only temperature that is the same for both the Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales? - 40 0C = - 40 0F 50 0C = 50 0F 78 0C = 78 0F 200 0C = 200 0F

Temperature Conversions Fahrenheit to Celsius (F-32) x 5 9 Celsius to Fahrenheit ( ) + 32 C = C x 9 F = 5

Temperature Conversions Cont. Celsius to Kelvin: K = C + 273 Kelvin to Celsius: C = K - 273

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