Why economics? p 17 Task IV check Paragraphs 1 – 8 Pg 2: economic, economics, economics Pg 3: scarce Attn: [ skeәs ] Pg 4: economy, economic, economize, economics Pg 5: economics Pg 6: economy, economy Pg 7: economic, economic, economic Pg 8: economics

Let’s practice saying: economics and economy! Economics, ɪ kə’n ɒ m ɪ ks,ekə’n ɒ m ɪ ks Economy ɪ ’k ɒ nəmi Pay attention to the stress (’)

Let’s practice saying: economics and economy! Economics, ɪ kə’n ɒ m ɪ ks,ekə’n ɒ m ɪ ks Economy ɪ ’k ɒ nəmi

Why Economics? Hw check: Tic – Tac – Toe (2) 1 zanimanje2 kućanstva k 3 vjerojatnost 4 obilje 5 oskudni resursi 6 nadnice (plaće) 7 distribucija dohotka 8 vanjska trgovina 9 radna snaga

Make a sentence! Tic – Tac – Toe (1) 1 occupation choose2 households information 3 probability callculate 4 affluence (synonym) 5 - scarce resources - efficient 6 - wages - earn 7 - income distribution - wealth - divided 8 - foreign trade - imports 9 - workforce - employed

Why Economics? HW check: r__ up against... i_____ the nest egg... so that the d___ of life are not loaded against you??? More figurative language? un nvest ice

Review: Reading techniques Previewing  Skimming  Scanning? - looking for specific information

A scanning exercise  RB, p 74 Scan the job ad and identify: 1 address to which applications should be sent 2 language requirements 3 deadline for applying 4 info on salary and benefits offered 5 is a PH.D. required Why is this job ad here? One specific reason. Can you identify it?... ability to draft well-structured notes whithin strict deadlines. Is this requirement surprising?

Why are notes taken? Information important for making business decisions We are swamped with information Notes save time

NOTE-TAKING Reading the whole text you may need to take / make notes... Also, while listening to a lecture attending a meeting interviewing a candidate making slides for a presentation...

Which of the three would you prefer learning from?(1) Extrasensory perception includes means of perceiving without use of sense organs. Here we speak about telepathy, that is, sending messages, clairvoyance, which is about forecasting the future, and psychokinesis, which is about perceiving events external to situation.

Which of the three would you prefer learning from?(2) EXTRASENSORY PERCEPTION definition:means of perceiving without use of sense organs 3 kinds:a)telepathy: sending messages b)clairvoyance: forecasting the future c)psychokinesis:perceiving events external to situation

Which of the three would you prefer learning from?(3)

Example of a mind map Main Concept Idea Details

Charting method (cont.) PeriodImportant peopleEventsSignificance F.D.RooseveltWWIIUSA involvement...

Once you have read the text and you need to study from it… …. what do you prefer? 1 original text 2 notes (typed, geometrical) 3 notes (hand-written, spontaneous) 4 mind map 5 chart / table

TAKING NOTES WHILE READING (RB, 75) Five-step procedure: SKIM to get the rough idea of the content (title, introductory paragraph, pictures?) SCAN to spot the essential: underline the main points (key words, topic sentences) GIVE HEADINGS (identify main idea of each pg) GROUP PARAGRAPHS (how many parts of the text? headings, subheadings?) READ TO ESTABLISH LOGICAL RELATIONS between parts of the text ↓ STRUCTURE! (Logical relations are expressed by signalling devices) RB, p 76

Example text – identifying the structure using signalling devices Free trade is a policy in international markets in which governments do not restrict imports or exports… There are many arguments for allowing free trade among nations. Firstly, it allows specialization and it will lead to greater productivity. Secondly, it provides greater choice, better quality and lower prices… However, arguments against free trade should also be considered. There is the infant industry argument which… For instance, a newly founded industry… In conclusion, it is clear that free trade…

Example notes: pay attention to layout, types of letters, symbols, abbreviations, numbers Be creative! FREE TRADE (policy) Prosvs.Cons 1 Specialisation productivity1 infant industry 2 + effects of competition:2... quality ... choice  prices  Conclusion...

Benefit from work already done TACKLE EACH PARAGRAPH SEPARATELY: 1NUMBER the paragraphs 2SCAN each paragraph and underline the essential, key sentence(s), words & phrases 3GIVE A HEADING to each paragraph (Why is it here? What is unique about it? What does it contain that cannot be found in the rest of the text?) BEEN THERE – DONE THAT  3a Identify the subheadings in pg 7  Piece of cake!  → Take notes on WHY ECONOMICS?

HEADINGS Informed voting – civic duty Impact on personal life Chief interest of economics Scarcity of resources Careful allocation of resources Research topics in economics Scientific tools and methods Discovering an objective reality? Obstacle: clinging to familiar theoretical conceptions SUBHEADINGS ObservationEconomic analysis Statistical analysisExperiments

4 SUMMARIZE THE TEXT IN NOTE FORM read paragraph headings again and establish relationships between main ideas organise the main ideas visually (Chronological organization? Cause-effect? Problem-solution? Claim-illustrations-conclusion?) use a clear visual layout and symbols, bullets, abbreviations (lists of symbols and abbreviations → RB, p 76)

For example: Why economics?(SPACE IT OUT!) 1 informed voting (civic duty) 2 impact on personal life (quality) Chief interest of economics Scarcity of resources → Careful allocation of r. Scientific tools and methods... pls. continue

HOMEWORK: expand the notes by adding necessary details and examples HAND IN! Get ready to talk about Why economics? e.g. Why economics? 1 Informed voting – civic duty - govt. budget - legislation - tax and foreign trade policies 2 Impact on personal life - choosing occupation (impact on earnings) -... pls. continue

REMEMBER! The actual order of paragraphs in the text need not necessarily be reflected in the structure of a summary! For example, ideas and info on... “ PROBLEM - CAUSES OF THE PROBLEM - SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM” …may be dispersed throughout the text, in different paragraphs! It is your job to group the bits of information and ideas to convey the main points! You want a good example? Check out the text and its summary in RB, p 76