Atomic X-Ray Spectrometry - Ch12

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic X-Ray Spectrometry - Ch12 Electron Beam Source – a metal target bombarded with a beam of hi-E electrons to produce either a continuum or line spectrum

Continuum Source (W target) Line Source (Mo target) Relationship between o and V (Duane-Hunt Law) Short wavelength limit, o 1. 2. 3.

X-Ray Line Spectra Originate From Inner Shell Electrons

Radioactive Sources of X-Rays Radioactivity  electron capture  

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) X-Ray h from electron beam or radioactive source n=1 n=2 n=3 e-

Bragg's Law Used in Wavelength Dispersive instrumentation to construct an x-ray monochromator For constructive interference of scattered beam (wavefront OCD) --

Wavelength Dispersive Instrumentation (requires scanning) X-ray monochromator (“goniometer”)

X-ray Detectors Gas-filled Transducers Semi-conductor Transducers Scintillation Counters Ionization Chambers Proportional Counters Geiger Tubes

Wavelength Dispersive Spectrum

Single photon counting circuit Energy Dispersive Instrumentation (no scanning – entire spectrum at once) Single photon counting circuit

Photon Counting The output from the detector is fed into a single photon counter circuit - great for the weak signals found with XRF

Energy Dispersive Spectrum