Minerals and Rocks Unit

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Presentation transcript:

Minerals and Rocks Unit Week 16 Directions Prepare your desk for science. Use voice level 0 (no voice) to read textbook pg. 240. Review what color and luster are. Begin to think about what hardness and streak are.

Targets & Warm Up Targets: Students will use physical properties to identify minerals. Warm Up: What are color and luster? What do you know about them?

Minerals Natural, nonliving solid crystals that make up rocks Each mineral has crystals that are a particular shape

How to Identify a Mineral To identify a mineral, scientists test some of its physical properties A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance

How to Identify a Mineral Physical properties scientists use to identify minerals: Color Luster (dull/earthy, glassy, pearly, metallic)

What is the color? What is the luster?

How to Identify a Mineral Other physical properties scientists use to identify minerals: Streak Hardness

Streak Streak: the color of the powder of a mineral To test for streak, you rub a mineral across a tile of white unglazed porcelain. Then, you examine the color of the streak left behind.

Streak Streak is closely related to color, but is a different property The color of the mineral may be different than the color of the streak

Streak Video

Hardness Hardness: The mineral’s resistance to being scratched Mohs Hardness Scale: Scale of 1 to 10 measuring mineral hardness Larger number = harder Smaller number = softer

Mohs Scale of Hardness

Hardness We can use everyday items to help us test the hardness of minerals. Fingernail = 1 or 2 Penny = 3 to 5 Paperclip = 5 or 6 ** If none of these items can scratch the mineral, than its hardness is a 7 or above!

Hardness How to test for hardness: A fingernail has a hardness of 2. A copper penny has a hardness of 3. The paperclip has a hardness of 5. SOFT: Minerals that can be scratched with a fingernail. MEDIUM: Minerals that can be scratched by a copper penny. HARD: Minerals that cannot be scratched with a steel paperclip

Hardness Video

Scratched by a fingernail? Scratched by a paperclip? Your Task What is the streak of the minerals in front of you? Can you see a streak? Is the streak the same color as the mineral? What is the hardness of the minerals in front of you? Scratched by a fingernail? Scratched by a penny? Scratched by a paperclip? Soft yes Medium no Hard yes or no

Extra Time? Read pg. 240-241

Reflection Questions What physical properties do scientists use to identify minerals? What physical properties are observable with your eyes? What physical properties need to be done in a hands-on test?

Targets (Revisited) Targets: Students will use physical properties to identify minerals.

Homework Subject Homework Due Date Science Minerals worksheet (2 sides) Monday

Reaction to Vinegar