InfoSphere Streams helps Stockholm build Traffic Information System Haris N. Koutsopoulos BLD-3661A Roger Rea Erling Weibust

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Agenda The congestion challenge Congestion control via time of day charging Integration of multimodal traffic systems

Cities are now the center of urban activity In 2007, for the first time in history, the majority of the world’s population lived in cities – 3.3 billion. By 2050, city dwellers are expected to make up 70 percent of the Earth’s total population – 6.4 billion

Chronic traffic congestion creates significant impact to cities and citizens Gross Regional Product is reduced by up to 10% as a result of transportation congestion ECONOMIC IMPACT Americans experienced travel delays of 4.2 Billion Hours in equivalent to a week of work per traveler PRODUCTIVITY & QUALITY OF LIFE FUEL AND TIME COST Congestion cost Americans $87 Billion in an increase of 50% in the past decade ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Prior to the implementation of its congestion pricing program, London traffic and CO2 emissions were 20% higher

What is an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)? “…..defined as the electronics, communications or information processing used singly or integrated to improve the efficiency or safety of surface transportation.”

Stockholm Congestion Tax Solution (Road User Charging) – The Background  A city of 14 town-sized islands  Too many cars, too few roads  Over 500,000 cars traveling into the city on weekdays  Population growth 20,000 per year  Average commute increasing 18% per year

Stockholm Congestion Tax – The Objectives  Reduce traffic by 10-15% on the main roads  Increase average speeds on streets and roads  Reduce emissions of hazardous pollutants and carbon dioxide  Inhabitants should feel that the city environment has Improved  More resources to public transport

Stockholm Congestion Tax Solution – The Framework  Charge for use of city center roads during peak business hours  18 roadside control points deployed to identify and charge  Charge varied depending on time of day (i.e. higher during peak)  Transponder tags trigger automatic payment of road use fees  License plates photographed: -Identify vehicles without tags -Enforcement of non-payers  Drivers able to pay bills at local banks, over the Internet and at convenience stores

Stockholm Congestion Tax Solution – The Results  Traffic reduction of nearly 25%  40,000 more transit passengers  Increased efficiency in the public bus transport operation  Taxi revenues increased 10-20%  Emission reduced by 40% in the City  City retailers not negatively affected

Stockholm Traffic Information v2.0 Current System: Elegant! Beneficial! –Yet basically static Deliver travel information –To influence behavior in real time Travel to Arlanda Airport? 48 min by taxi, 37 min by train

ITS Opportunities and Challenges From data infrastructure to information infrastructure

KTH ITS Lab NexTMC3: Next Generation Traffic Management, Communications, and Control Center for Sustainable Urban Transport Handle real time streaming data Integrate data and models Promote multimodal services Provide a testing and demonstration ground Provide a resource for researchers and professionals

KTH ITS Lab

Traffic Management for Sustainability and Efficiency Multimodal Data Streams –GPS –Cell-phones –Public Transport –Travel time data for fixed OD pairs –Induction loop detector data –Incidents –Road closures (road work, etc) –Pollution measurements –Weather conditions (including road conditions) Real Time Traffic Monitoring & Information Control (Multimodal) Travel Planner GPS Data Streams Real Time Transformation Logic Real Time Geo Mapping Real Time Speed & Heading Estimation Real Time Aggregates & Statistics Data Warehouse Web Server Google Earth Offline statistical analysis Interactive visualization Storage adapters

Matching map artifact Estimated path GPS probe Estimated speed & heading Real Time Geo Mapping & Speed Estimation

Real Time Traffic Information

Status The lab started receiving data on 3 rd December 2009 Total number of probes (Dec-April): ~ 40 million Number of unique vehicles reporting: 1486

Distribution of the time lag between measurement and receipt time

Probes by time of day

Spatial distribution of probes by time of day

Example: Trip Planning Travel time from Stockholm T-Centralen to Arlanda Airport 2 months of data (9 th Dec th Feb 2010) 2 months of data (9 th Dec th Feb 2010)

Travel time vs

Example: Monitoring Data from February and March 2010 Data from February and March 2010

Monitoring: Impact of weather

Activities and Next Steps Addition of new data sources Validation of basic analytics –Data collected from instrumented vehicle –Speed and travel time estimation Data fusion for traffic estimation and prediction

Powered by InfoSphere Streams GPS Location mapping: –4 x86 blade servers –250,000 GPS probes per second –Mapped to 630,000 road segments Streams delivers: –Ability to fuse structured and unstructured data types –Scalability for large urban transportation centers –Intuitive programming model Millions of events per second Microsecond Latency Traditional / Non-traditional data sources Real time delivery Powerful Analytics

IBM InfoSphere Streams directions WebSphere Business Events Existing business information Data in motion InfoSphere Warehouse IBM Mashup Hub 8BI Tools Streams Studio enhancements Video/audio analytics Text/unstructured analytics Streams Processsing Language v2 Native XML support Runtime High Availability Security enhancements Unicode support Installation enhancements Adapters Cognos Now WebSphere MQ RSS feeds Mashup Hub WebSphere Business Events Oracle SQL Server Millions of events per second Millisecond Latency Cognos Front Office All statements regarding IBM's plans, directions, and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice. Any reliance on these statements are at the relying party's sole risk and will not create any liability or obligation for IBM.

InfoSphere Streams sessions TimeSessionTitleLocation Thursday May 20 10:45 AM - 11:35 AM 3666AInfoSphere Streams for Real Time Analytics in Financial Services Industry Marriott Park Hotel, Room 14 Friday May 21 09:00 AM – 09:50 AM 3661AInfoSphere Streams helps Stockholm build Ver 2.0 Traffic Control System Marriott Park Hotel, Room 13 Friday May 21 11:30 AM - 12:30 PM 3692AInfoSphere Streams at Marine Institute of Ireland: Deep Dive Marriott Park Hotel, IOD Mini Theatre 3 Wednesday 10AM - 6PM Thursday 10AM - 5PM Friday 9AM - 2PM Demo Room InfoSphere Streams DemonstrationsMarriott Park Hotel, IOD Demo Room Station 19 Wednesday 10:30 – 11:30 Thursday 12:30 – 13:00 Thursday 16:30 – 17:00 Mini Theater on Expo Floor InfoSphere Streams in Telco InfoSphere Streams Business Insight Leverage Warehouse, SPSS with Streams Marriott Park Hotel, InfoSphere Mini Theater Expo Floor