World War 1  3 Continents  31 Countries  65 Million Soldiers  37 Million Casualties  91,198 Deaths by Gas  6,395 Allied and Neutral Ships lost  $186.3 Billion Financial Losses

M.A.I.N. causes of WWI  DRIVING FORCE WAS NATIONALISM  Militarism Imperial nations built up bigger and more powerful armies and navies which allowed them to conquer land Example: The size of France and Germany’s militaries doubled from

 Alliances Economic and political rivalries set up a system of alliances Triple Alliance – Central Powers ○ Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy Triple Entente – Allies Powers ○ Britain, France, & Russia Europeans believed this created a balance of power

Alliances

 Imperialism Newly united countries (Germany & Italy) wanted to establish colonies to gain New Markets and Raw Materials which created WEALTH! $$$$ Both countries pursued colonies in Africa. The Germans wanted the Congo ! The Italians wanted Ethiopia !

 Nationalism Was the Driving Force! Behind WW I Many Ethnic people wanted independence from their empires. Especially in the Balkans From the (Austro-Hungarian & Ottoman) Empires They wanted Nation States. One Nationality -- One State The Differences led to conflict and an assassination which caused WW I to Begin

Outbreak of World War I  Austro-Hungary and Ottoman Empires had ruled over the Balkan Peninsula for years.  Result= Nationalism in the Balkans!  Serbia gained independence from Ottoman Empire.  Serbia wanted to unite with Bosnia which was part of the Austro- Hungarian Empire.

The “Powder Keg” & “Spark”  ‘Powder Keg’ was the unstable Balkans Region  The “Spark” That started WW I was……. The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire) In Bosnia by a Serbian nationalist

The Fight between Austria-Hungary and Serbia quickly involved many European Countries. Nations honored their agreements to back one another! ! Russia=Serbia’s ally and they declare war on Austria-Hungary. Germany= Austria-Hungary’s ally and they declare war on Russia. France and Great Britain= Russia’s ally and they declare war on Germany.

3 FRONT WAR WW I  The WESTERN FRONT ( French / German border )  THE EASTERN FRONT ( Russian / German Border )  THE ITALIAN FRONT ( Northern Italy Bordering France & Austro- Hungary )

The Fronts and Alliances  WESTERN FRONT  Most Trench Warfare took place on the Western Front  Fighting was between France, England & USA vs. Germany  Ended in a Stalemate in 1917

EASTERN FRONT  Fighting between Russia & Germany  Russia Pulled out of the War in 1917 and signed a treaty with Germany.  Germany can now focus on the Western Front

Italian Front  Italy Switched Sides ( Sided with the Allied Powers) Fought with France  Fought against Germany and Austro- Hungary

New Weapons  Industrial Revolution developed new weapons which made the war more deadly  Development of trench warfare  New Weapons Long range artillery Poison gases Gas masks Submarines Tanks Machine guns Airplanes Flame throwers  Both sides thought the war would be over quickly

WW I Technology