Target 8/18/14: 1. What is an atom? 2. What are the subatomic particles and their charges? * you will need your comp book, the blank periodic table, and three shades of colored pencils*

Targets Friday, August 29, 2014 Have you mastered the AKS for this week?? Can you predict the properties of an element based on its location on the PTOE? Write and answer the following questions before lab today. 1.Which group contains the MOST reactive elements (give number)? 2.Which group contains the LEAST reacitve ( or most stable) elements? 3.Which element is located in period 2, group 7? 4.Which element has 78 protons? 5.How are the elements on the PTOE arranged? 6.Elements in the same ___________ have similar chemical properties.

Now for lab prep!!! Name the elements present in a molecule of NaCl. How many of each element are in that one molecule? Which elements are present in a molecule of C 12 H 22 O 11 ? How many of each?

Notes: The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table contains all of the elements – natural and synthetic

On the Periodic Table, Rows are called periods

On the Periodic Table, Columns are called groups or families

Pattern: As you move from left to right, elements become less metallic and more massive.

Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids -- but they are ARRANGED in groups and periods.

Warm-Up 8/25/14 During the flame test Friday, what type of substance did we use for the flame tests? Which subatomic particle was responsible for the different colors we saw? When you receive your PTOE, cut it out around the edges, removing all numbers and outside labels, and be ready to glue it in your notebook with a blank page across from it.

On your PTOE, locate the following elements and color them all the same color. B Si Ge As Sb Te At Add a KEY to the top of the page. Label Metalloids and make a box the same color as your own metalloids.

Metalloids: -called semiconductors -mixture of metal/nonmetal properties

On your PTOE, locate the following NONmetals, and color them all the same color. Hydrogen He C N O F Ne P S Cl Ar Se Br Kr I Xe Rn Add the color for nonmetals to your key.

Nonmetals are: -poor conductors -not shiny -not malleable or ductile

On your PTOE, locate the other elements. They should all be metals! Pick your third color and shade them all in. Add the color for the metals to your key.

Metals are: -good conductors -malleable -ductile -shiny

Let’s go through and label all of the groups. We are using the numbers 1- 8, and not labeling the transition metals in the middle. Let’s also go through and number the periods/rows.

Pattern: Groups/Families often have similar chemical properties

Why do groups/families have similar properties? Because elements in the same group/family have the same number of valence electrons

The number of valence electrons determines reactivity

The first shell needs to be full before the second shell gets any electrons.

The last, or outer, shell is called the VALENCE SHELL. The electrons in the valence shell are called valence electrons

Energy Level# of electrons Think 8 is Gr8’-)

Molecules are made of multiple atoms chemically joined together.

Some common chemical formulas you need to know: NaCl- salt H 2 O- water H 2 SO 4 - sulfuric acid HCl- Hydrochloric acid

Warm-up: 1. Which way do groups/families go on the PTE? 2. How many shells do elements in row 3 have?

Warm-up: For each, give the number of protons, number of neutrons, and number of electrons: 1. Carbon 2. Oxygen 3. Lithium

Additional things to cover: -ionic vs. covalent bonds -components of reactivity (alpha, beta, gamma radiation, half-life, fission vs. fusion)

Additional things to cover:

Warm-Up: 1. How many electrons can fill the first shell of an atom? How many can fill shells 2 & 3? 2. What is the valence shell? 3. Draw a oxygen atom