EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY (EP)

CONTENT Getting to Know EP Understanding EP Relating EP to Classroom-Experiences Applying EP Sharing Session Wrapping-up

Getting To Know & Understanding EP 8:30 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Video 1

Reflection Time… Correction does much, but encouragement does more. – Goethe If the student isn't better than the teacher, then the teacher is a failure. Zen aphorism, quoted by Allen Ginsberg More important than the curriculum is the question of the methods of teaching and the spirit in which the teaching is given. Bertrand Russell The principal goal of education is to create men who are capable of doing new things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done. Jean Piaget

Let’s Ponder! What Do YOU Think Teaching and Learning is All About, What Does It Consist Of; Define It? What Is the Role of EP in TL? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006

What is Educational Psychology? EdPsy is the study of learners, learning, and teaching. EdPsy is the accumulated knowledge, wisdom, and seat-of-the-pants theory that every teacher should possess to intelligently solve the daily problems of teaching.

Educational Psychology… is a branch of psychology that specializes in understanding teaching and learning in educational settings.

EP deals with… Ecology Learners Lecturers Classroom Management Motivation Reward Theories Behaviorism Cognitive

The Champions of EP William James (1842 – 1910) Importance of observing T&L for improving education John Dewey (1859 – 1952) Importance of active learning & adaptation E.L. Thorndike (1874 – 1949) Importance of assessment & measurement of learning

What motivates our students? How do they conceive of themselves as learners? How do they understand the purpose of schooling? Do they feel safe and secure as learners in an educational community? How do other factors in their lives influence their learning? Core Principles and Concepts of Educational Psychology

What strategies do they use to learn? How do they respond to different ways of teaching? How do I, as a teacher, interact with my students in the most effective, supportive ways? How do I manage my class when it includes a student with special needs? Core Principles and Concepts of Educational Psychology

Major Areas of Educational Psychology in the Classroom

LEARNING THEORIES

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Other Theories

Operant Conditioning

Thorndike’s law of effect According to Thorndike’s law of effect, response that result in satisfying consequences will be strengthened, while responses that lead to unsatisfying consequences are unlikely to be repeated.

Take individual differences in abilites seriously. Value other intelligences in addition to the liguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences that represent the primary emphases in most schools. Create a rich classroom environment that includes materials that “activate the different intelligences.” (Gardnes,1999) e.g. musical instruments, a variety of art materials, science displays, math puzzles, building materials.) Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Observe students as they interact with the different materials in the classroom to determine where their abilities lie. Be flexible and creative in offering a variety of curricular options linked to well-defined outcomes (Gardner, 1999) Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Provide opportunities for students to demonstrate their knowledge in ways that are consistent with their abilities (e.g. paint their interpretation of a short story, act out a scientific concept). Have an assessment repertoire, rather than rely on a single form of assessment. Support students in understanding their own ability profiles. Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Understanding Our Learners’ Motivation

10:30 a.m. – 11:00 a.m.

Relating & Applying EP 11:00a.m. – 13:00 p.m.

Understanding Our Learner’s Motivation Abraham Maslow’s – ‘Hierarchy of Human Needs 60

Influences On Motivation Personal ▪ Personal needs ▪ Identity ▪ Self-concept ▪ Self-esteen ▪ Gender ▪ Self-efficacy ▪ Attributions for success or failure ▪ Self-regulation ▪ Theory of Intelligence ▪ Enjoyment of learning Environmental ▪ School environment ▪ Classroom environment ▪ Degree of match between learner and environment ▪ Learning goals (perform mastery) ▪ Teacher’s theories of Intelligence ▪ Rewards 61

Video 2

Performance Goals & Entity Theory of Intelligence 63

Sharing Session EP + TL Experiences Short Stories Case StudiesVideo 14:30 – 16:30

Reflection & Observation Reflection: What were the characteristics of the most effective teachers in your educational experience?

The secret in education lies in respecting the student. -Ralph Waldo Emerson Nine tenths of education is encouragement. - Anatole France

Lecturer Tool Box E ngage learners in your teaching environment D evelop ground rules in classroom management U se appropriate strategies C ater to various needs A cknowledge diversity in classroom T ackle issues surrounding your T&L environment I nspire using reinforcements O bserve holistically before any decision making N ever use “one size fits all” approach

References McGraw Hill Higher Education Slavin, B The Art of Teaching. Woolfolk, A Educational Psychology. 6 th Edition.