1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment - usually medication -

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Pharmaceutical Agent Order. Prescription An oral or written record of a physicians order to pharmacist to dispense medication to patient.
Advertisements

PRINCIPLES OF PRESCRIPTION ORDER WRITING
RATIONAL Prescribing & Prescription Writing Dr Arif Hashmi.
Principles of Prescription Writing
Principles of prescription.  The proper prescription consists of the superscription, the inscription, the subscription and the signa  Other necessary.
Fundamental Nursing Chapter 32 Oral Medications Inst.: Dr. Ashraf El - Jedi.
Prescription writing Dr.Saeed Ahmed  A prescription: A physician's order to prepare / to dispense a specific Tr -usually medication- for an individual.
Medicines and their use.. Session 2 Explain the difference between a medicine and a drug Classify different types of medicines Explain the different forms.
Error Prone Abbreviations
Mosby items and derived items © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 4 Prescription Writing.
Catherine A. Marco, MD, FACEP. Goals & Objectives Describe the proper physician-patient relationship Describe clinical decision making regarding medication.
Pharmacology Chapter 15.
Principles of Pharmacology
Recommended by the Sentinel Event Alert Advisory Group NATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS FY 2009.
VETERINARY DRUG USE AND PRESCRIBING CH. 5. –All drugs have 3 names Chemical name Generic (nonproprietary) name Trade (proprietary) name.
Copyright © 2015 Cengage Learning® Chapter 5 Abbreviations and Systems of Measurement.
1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment ---- usually medication.
Principles of prescription writing
Copyright C 2005, 2002, 1999, 1995, 1990, 1985, 1980, 1976 by Elsevier Inc. Principles of Pharmacology Chapter 30.
Rational Prescribing & Prescription Writing Collected and Prepared By S.Bohlooli, Pharm.D, PhD.
Prescription Writing Lab Lecture.
Introduction to Pharmacology. Nurse Practice Act Defines scope Role of the LPN.
Assembly Bill #2609 Health and Safety Code Effective January 1,2008 MEDICATION TRAINING FOR DIRECT CARE STAFF.
Introduction to Pharmacology. Nurse Practice Act Defines scope Role of the LPN.
Pharmacology Basics TERESA PECK BSN, RN Drug Nomenclature Chemical-Scientific Name Generic name  NOT CAPITALIZED Official Name Brand or Trade name.
Administering Medication
Writing Orders and Prescriptions
Rational Prescribing & Prescription Writing Once a patient with a clinical problem has been evaluated and a diagnosis has been reached, the practitioner.
ESRD Network 6 5 Diamond Patient Safety Program Medication Reconciliation 2009.
PRESCRIPTION WRITING Rx. WHEN DO DRUGS BECOME A PART OF YOUR TREATMENT????
Medication Review.
Chapter 6 Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy.
How to Read a Prescription
Prescriptions.
Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning Interpreting Drug Orders Chapter 7.
Pharmacology Basics Presentation Name Course Name
The Pharmaceutical Agent Order. Prescription An oral or written record of a physician ’ s order to pharmacist to dispense medication to patient. who can.
1 Second semester Chapter 32 Oral Medications Bader A. EL Safadi BSN, MSc Fundamental of Nursing – B Oral Medications.
Copyright © 2015 Cengage Learning® Chapter 7 Safe Medication Administration.
Joseph R. Sabino, MS, RPh
Principles of Prescription Order Writing. Prescription The prescription Written (V erbal or electronic ) direction from a registered medical practitioner.
Prescription and referral making
Ch.5: Reading and Interpreting Medical Labels and Orders and Documents Appropriately By Dr. Kevin Perrino.
PHARMACEUTICAL GUIDELINES: BASIC PRINCIPLES AND STATUTES.
Principles of Prescription Writing
Drug Orders & Prescriptions
Principles of Prescription Writing
Ch 19: Introduction to Pharmacy Math
Rational prescribing & prescription writing
Drugs and Prescription Records
UNIT 9 The Medication Order.
Drugs and Prescription Records
Safe Medication Administration
Interpreting Drug Orders
Preventing Medication Errors
Prescription Writing.
Importance of drug antagonism
DRUG PRESCRIBING.
Pharmacy and Laboratory Procedures
Health care careers Therapeutic services pharmacy.
Medication order entry & Fill process
Fundamental Nursing Chapter 32 Oral Medications
Lesson 1: Labels and Prescriptions
Prescription or medication orders.
How to Read a Prescription
Ch 18: Pharmacy.
Interpreting Drug Orders
Rx PRESCRIPTION WRITING Submitted by: Donna Lee Ettel, Ph.D.
Interpreting Drug Orders
Interpretation of the Licensed Prescriber’s Orders
Presentation transcript:

1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment - usually medication - for a specific patient. A written direction for the preparation & administration of a remedy

Steps Prescription writing 1.Make a Specific diagnosis. 2.Consider the Pathophysiological implications of the diagnosis. 3.Select a specific therapeutic objective. 4.Select a drug of choice. 5.Determine the appropriate dosing regimen. 6.Devise a plan for monitoring the drug’s action & determine an end point for therapy. 7.Plan a program of patient education. In the hospital setting, drug are prescribed on (physician’s order sheet/Chart order)

3 Who can prescribe? Prescription writing Physicians Dentists Podiatrists (foot specialist) Veterinarians Osteopaths Pharmacists (specialized Pharmacists) Nurse practitioners Physician’s Assistants Optometrists

4 Prescriber’s name license classification Prescriber’s name license classification (Professional degree) (Professional degree) Adress Adress Office telephone numbers Office telephone numbers Patient’s nameDate Address REFILL TIMES OR UNTIL NO CHILD PROOF CONTAINER Drug name and strength Quantity SIG: WARNINGPRESCIBER’S SIGNATURE Presciber’s other identification data

5 Parts of prescription Outpatient Prescription Prescriber’s office information Prescriber’s office information Name License classification (Professional degree) Adress Office telephone numbers

6 Cont’d Outpatient Prescription Patients information Name Age especially extremes of age, children & old aged Weight --- especially children Body surface area Sex Date

7 Elements Outpatient Prescription Symbol Symbol An abbreviation for “recipe” means: take thou. superscription Patient’s information date Prescriber’s information symbol

8 superscription

9inscription You can use either the brand name (proprietary name) or the generic name (nonproprietary name)

10subscription

11 Signatura (sig) or transcription - Use of abbreviations or symbol is discouraged - Instruction “Take as directed” should be avoided Direction for patient. The directions should be simple and the doses should be fewer. Instruction for the patient as to how to take the prescription interpreted by the pharmacist Route of administration Route of administration - for oral dosage forms --- “take” or “give” - for oral dosage forms --- “take” or “give” - for externally applied products --- “Apply” - for externally applied products --- “Apply” - for suppositories ---- “Insert” - for suppositories ---- “Insert” - for eye, ear, nose drops for eye, ear, nose drops ---- “Place” is preferable to “instill” “Place” is preferable to “instill”

12 How & when to take medication Duration of therapy Purpose of medication Must be explained by both the physician & pharmacist transcription

13 Dose always should be listed by metric measurements of weight & volume. of weight & volume. Should be avoided Arabic (decimal) numerals (e.g. 1,2,3) are preferable to Roman numerals(I, II, III), & in some instances it is preferable for the numbers to be spelled out (e.g. Zero) Older system of measure e.g. grains for weight & Household measurements e.g. “dropperful” & “teaspoon”

14 12 Refill information 13 Waiver of the requirement for childproof containers 14 Additional labeling instructions e.g. warnings such as e.g. warnings such as “may cause drowsiness,” “may cause drowsiness,” “do not drink alcohol” “do not drink alcohol” 14

15 Pharmacist --- must place the expiration date of the drug on the label 15 Prescriber's signature 16 and 17 Any other identification of the prescriber

16 Prescription writing Abbreviation Meaning tabtablet capcapsule POby mouth PRper rectum SLsublingual IMintramuscular IVintravenous SC, SQsubcutaneous Abbreviation Meaning OTCover-the-counter pcafter meals acbefore meals prnwhen needed qevery q6hevery 6 hours qhs every night at bed time statat once hs is latin for: hora somnia, ie, at the time of sleeping

17 Prescription writing Abbreviation Meaning bidtwice a day tidthree times a day qidfour times a day hsat bed time sosif needed

18 Elements Physician order sheet (POS) / chart order DateTime Name & strength of medication, dose, route & frequency of administration frequency of administration Signature of prescriber

19 Prescribing errors Illegible hand writing Drugs with similar names Acetazolamide ---- Acetohexamide Acetazolamide ---- Acetohexamide Methotrexate --- Metolazone Methotrexate --- Metolazone

20 Prescribing errors Error Risk of being misread as: Correct /1Abandoned 10U10010 units IU10 or 14 µgmgmcg Poor presciption writing Other errors Use leading zeros Never use trailing zeros

21 Prescribing errors Error Risk of being misread as: OD (everyday)OD (right eye) QD (every day) QID (four times a day) qod (every-other- day) od (everyday / right eye) qhs (once daily at bed time) qhr (every hour) Poor presciption writing Other errors

22 Prescribing errors Poor prescription writing Other errors Using acronyms for drugs e.g. ASA (aspirin), 6MP(6-mercaptopurine) Inappropriate Drug Prescription Drug interactions Contraindications Adverse effects

23 Compliance (adherence) The extent to which patients follow treatment instructions. Noncompliance --- Failure to follow drug regimen

24 Controlled Substance Schedules (These are used when the drugs have high potential for abuse) Schedule I Examples: heroin Examples: heroin 1. Potential for abuse: High 2. No accepted medical use or lacks accepted safety May be used for research purposes by properly registered individuals.

25 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule II Examples: morphine Examples: morphine 1. Potential for abuse: High. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use (as a pain killer) 3. Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. physical dependence.

26 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule III Examples: anabolic steroids Examples: anabolic steroids 1.Abuse potential less than substances in schedule I or schedule II. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use. 3. Abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence.

27 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule IV Examples: Alprazolam Examples: Alprazolam 1. Abuse potential less than substances in schedule III. schedule III. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use 3. Abuse may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence limited physical or psychological dependence relative to substances in schedule III. relative to substances in schedule III.

28 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule V Examples: buprenorphine Examples: buprenorphine 1. Low potential for abuse relative to schedule IV. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use 3. Some schedule V products may be sold in limited amounts without a prescription at the discretion amounts without a prescription at the discretion of the pharmacist; however, if a physician wishes of the pharmacist; however, if a physician wishes a patient to receive one of these products, it is a patient to receive one of these products, it is preferable to provide a prescription preferable to provide a prescription 4. Limited dependence possible

29 Controlled Substance - All prescriptions must be written in ink; this practice is compulsory for schedule II drugs is compulsory for schedule II drugs - Date - Prescriber’s name & address - Patient’s name, age, & address - Diagnosis - No abbreviations - All doses, number of ampules, tablets, etc. should be written in words (letters) & in figures (numbers) written in words (letters) & in figures (numbers) - Prescriber’s signature - Prescription is dispensed once, & is kept by pharmacist

30 -Refill - Refill prn (refill as needed) --- is inappropriate - Refill prn (refill as needed) --- is inappropriate - If no refill is desired, “Zero” (not 0) --- should be - If no refill is desired, “Zero” (not 0) --- should be written in the refill space written in the refill space - For schedule II drug: no refill - For schedule II drug: no refill - For schedule III &IV drug:not to exceed 5 refills or 6 months after the issue date, whichever comes first - For schedule III &IV drug:not to exceed 5 refills or 6 months after the issue date, whichever comes first - For schedule V drug ---- no restriction