Read Section 1 (pgs ) with your 3:00 clock partner and complete the Agree/Disagree activity AFTER reading. I will collect this sheet and we will go over this PowerPoint following your assignment.

Unit 2: Georgia in the Colonial Period Chapters 5-7

Background of the Colonies

Standards SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of 1732, reasons for settlement (charity, economics, and defense), Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah. b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish threat from Florida. c. Explain the development of Georgia as a royal colony with regard to land ownership, slavery, government, and the impact of the royal governors.

Section Vocabulary Pilgrims (p. 70) Puritans (p. 71) commonwealth (p. 71) triangular trade (p. 72) cash crop (p. 73) Gullah (p. 74) plantation economy (p. 75) Olaudah Equiano (p. 75) Great Awakening Enlightenment

ialstudies/ushistory/thirteenc olonies/

The New England Colonies Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire The Pilgrims were part of a religious group called Separatists. Wanted to separate from Church of England 1620: 100 Pilgrims set sail for VA on the Mayflower

Pilgrims blew off course and landed in Massachusetts – settlement called Plymouth Starvation, disease Squanto showed settlers how to survive 1 st Thanksgiving Prosperous colony Lumber was harvested & sent back to England Lumber

1630s: Puritans left England for the Massachusetts Bay Colony Puritans did not want to separate from the Church of England but wanted to “purify” Church practices. Puritans wanted to start a commonwealth, a community in which people work together for the good of the whole. Church congregations bought land and divided it among members.

Puritan Town

Colony governed by adult, Puritan men All colonists had to attend church. Puritan work ethic – “New England Way” People who did not follow the Puritan way were expelled. Emphasis on education Harvard University est. 1636

Many natural resources in New England colonies (fur, lumber, soil) New England was involved with the triangular trade The Triangular trade was a trading cycle between Africa, Europe and the Americas. Few slaves went to New England.

Middle Atlantic Colonies New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Rich soil & mild winters allowed for better cash crops than New England. Cash crop = a crop that is raised to be sold for a large profit (wheat) Nickname “Breadbasket Colonies”

The Middle Colonies had a diverse population: Germans, English, Dutch, Irish, African, French There were slaves AND free Africans. Quakers also settled here (religious group who believe in nonviolence. William Penn, a Quaker founded Pennsylvania Different religions accepted William Penn

The Southern Colonies Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, Maryland Jamestown = first English colony to make it Long growing season = ideal for cash crops like tobacco, indigo, rice Cotton not central to economy until cotton gin in 1793 Indigo 

Africans had experience growing rice so they were made slaves along the coast. The decedents of coastal slaves are called the Gullah. Can be found along the Georgia and Carolina coats. Gullah culture: food, crafts, folktales, language, etc. com/watch?v=SXLdS OfxrFg com/watch?v=SXLdS OfxrFg Gullah baskets

A plantation economy developed in the south – large farms called plantations were self- sufficient. Plantations required a large number of workers. Enslaved Africans made up the labor force Planters tried to make Native Americans slaves Diseases killed many Knowledge of where to escape

Slaves often suffered from cruel treatment and overwork. Harsh punishments Olaudah Equiano was a former slave whose life story was published in Kidnapped at age 11 “Iron Muzzle” Sold several times” Olaudah Equiano

Powerful planter class developed. Political / economic power SC rice planters were some of the wealthiest people in the entire world in the 1700s. Small farms had trouble competing.

More education = more ideas The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that took place in the 1700s and spread the idea that reason and logic were the basis for knowledge. Previously people looked to religion for all answers. Changes in Society =Enlightenment

The Great Awakening was a religious movement in the 1730s-1740s which stirred up religious enthusiasm! Traveling ministers preached, and large crowds gathered. New churches were established. Concept of different religious ideas