Univ. Lekt. Mag. Markus Müllner ibw Austria – Research & Development in VET Rainergasse 38, 1050 Vienna, AUSTRIA Santiago de Chile, June 2014

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE INTERFACES BETWEEN EDUCATION, BUSINESS AND QUALIFICATIONS. Austria source:austria tourism; stock foto

key facts – Austria member of the EU: since January 1 st, 1995 boarders : Germany and Czech Republic - north Slovak Republic and Hungary - east Slovenia and Italiy – south Switzerland and Lichtenstein - west population: 8.5 Mio. total area: 83.8 km² capital: Vienna (1.7 Mio people) federal states: 9 Unemployment rate: 4.3% (EU 10,8%) Youth Unemployment: 8,7 % (EU 23,2%) source: Statistik Austria, 2013 AUSTRIA, Data – FIGURES – FACTS, Eurostat

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE INTERFACES BETWEEN EDUCATION, BUSINESS AND QUALIFICATIONS. Apprenticeship training and VET source: ibw fotowettbewerb Apprenticeship training and VET

The Austrian education system Age Year Special needs school Primary school Lower secondary school (expiring) New secondary school Academic secondary school (lower cycle) PRE-VOCATIONAL SCHOOL VET SCHOOL VET COLLEGE Academic secondary school (upper cycle) UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL-LEAVING EXAM UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAM COLLEGE PROFESSIONAL TERTIARY EDUCATION such as post-sec. VET course, master craftsperson school, industrial master school UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Apprenticeship training (company and part-time vocational school) kindergarten

Main initial VET programmes Dual Apprenticeship training (16+ year-olds) training enterprise (80% of time) and part-time vocational school (20% of time) demand led system: apprenticeship contract between enterprise and apprentice training is based on two regulations (ordinances): training company and school 200+ apprenticeships (“professions”) in practically all branches of the economy with a 2-4 years training period depending on the profession basis for “Higher VET”: “Meister” and other professional qualifications school based VET (16+ year-olds) combination of general and vocational education different types and duration Double qualification in VET-colleges: VET-diploma and university access Training guarantee by AMS (Public Employment Service; supr. comp. training) Support in finding an apprenticeship in a company workshop based programmes in the framework of dual apprenticeship training

Career decision in year 10 VET school or VET college 80 % of pupils in year 10 complete an apprenticeship or attend a VET school or VET college. source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p %38.8 % 22.2 % AE: high school

Characteristics of apprenticeship training „ The apprentice is in a training relationship with his/her company and, at the same time, pupil of an occupation-specific part-time vocational school. school- based training 20 % practical training 80 % Company Apprentice- ship Learning by Doing part-time vocational school

Apprentices by sections of the Economic Chamber 120,579 people are in an apprenticeship relationship % are trained as apprentices in the crafts and trades section. 7.6 % are in supra-company training (training without an apprenticeship contract in a company). source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p. 13

Training at the company source: ibw fotowettbewerb Training at the company

Why do companies train? The Austrian approach: The profiles of the different apprenticeship trades are negotiated between the social partners in the Federal Advisory Board Administration and competent authority: Economic Chambers act as intermediate bodies between companies and the ministry of economics Accompanying support measures: financial incentives, practical training guidelines, selection tools and services for recruitment, trainer academies and networks, services to organise international mobility etc. Business casereturn on investment Challenge:to move from informal arrangements to formal training with recognised qualifications Catalyst:institutions and governance structure, support to companies

Training at the company Company-based training curriculum: describes the competences which must be taught in the company Activity description: learning outcome-oriented description of the competences acquired by apprentices by the end of their training Didactic approach: - training in a day-to-day working environment - under real-life working conditions - involvement of apprentices in the productive work process uniform Austria-wide regulation by decrees for each apprenticeship occupation

IVET trainer IVET trainers: the companies’ trainers for apprentices - The majority of trainers train their apprentices on a part-time basis alongside their regular work. - Larger companies also employ full-time trainers as well as full-time training supervisors. Prerequisite: - IVET trainer examination or - Completion of a 40-hour IVET trainer course or - Recognition of another qualification Requirements: - subject-specific qualification - know-how of vocational education and - legal knowledge

Training at part-time vocational school source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto

Organisation => apprentices are obliged to attend => established for groups of apprenticeship occupations (such as construction, wholesale/retail occupations) => classes are organized on the basis of individual occupations (sometimes also related occupations) all-year-roundby block at least on one full school day a week for at least eight weeks continuously or seasonally in block form

Training contents occupation-related theory supplementing company-based training complementary occupation-related practice deepening and complementing general education subject related foreign language classes The framework curriculum for each apprenticeship occupation is valid in the whole of Austria. general education 35 % special instruction 65 %

Apprenticeship training Funding of apprenticeship training Funding of apprenticeship training source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto

Training companyThe public Funding Company-based training Apprenticeship remuneration School-based training Subsidies for the training company and apprentices Costs per person/year Appr. tr.:EUR 5,447 (4,000,000 CLP) Supra-c.:EUR 16,405 (12,200,000 CLP) VET s./c.:EUR 9,126 (6,800,000 CLP) Costs per person/year about EUR 15,000* (11,200,000 CLP) *depending on the sector, due to different collective bargaining agreements, and depending on the year of training This means that the greatest part of costs of vocational training in the apprenticeship training system is borne by companies. Source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p. 83

Funding of company-based training => The direct costs of training are borne by the respective training company. –Apprenticeship remuneration  Monthly payment for apprentices (The costs depend on the sector and apprenticeship year and range from about 400 EUR (300,000 CLP) to 1,500 Euro (1,100,000 CLP) per month  In the final year, the apprenticeship remuneration is about 80 % of the corresponding skilled worker’s wage.  Non-wage labour costs (sickness insurance, unemployment insurance) –Costs of training at the training company  Provision of qualified IVET trainers  Funding of additional training offers (such as courses, specialist training programmes, etc.) Training company Source: ibw, Apprenticeship 2012, p. 18

Funding of school-based training => The Federal Government and the provinces share the costs. Costs for equipping part-time vocational schools with machinery, equipment and teaching material: the respective province Costs for the teaching staff: Federal Government and the respective province (50 % each) School Source: ibw, Apprenticeship 2012, p. 18

Figures, data and facts source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto Figures, data and facts

EU indicators - Unemployment rate of below-25-year-olds Source: EUROSTAT Austria‘s youth unemployment rate is 8.7 %. Measures of youth employment: => Support for dual training => Training guarantee source: Eurostat

Unemployment rate by educational attainment (unemployment rate acc. to international definition) source: Statistics Austria (microcensus labour force survey) + ibw-calculations, elicitation 2012 ibw, Apprenticeship overview 2013, p.102 Example for interpretation: Of 100 % of those who have completed compulsory school as their highest educational attainment, 9.2 % are unemployed.

Useful information Links ibw Institute for Research on Qualifications and Training of the Austrian Economy Career guidance system of the economic chamberswww.bic.at For trainers: info and materialwww.ausbilder.at Info on aids for the selection processwww.auswahlhilfe.at Quality in apprenticeship: tools and projectswww.qualitaet-lehre.at Newsletters: Interesting themes and current important dates in the area of career guidance (appears 6 x per year) Info and downloads connected with apprenticeship (appears 4 x per year)