THE STORY OF BATTERIES by the Hungarian team

History of batteries Pieter van Muschenbroek and the bottle of Leiden Galvani published his works about animals’ electricity Volta proved that metals have electricity Voltaic pile Planté’s rechargeable battery Lelanche’s dry battery Carl Gassner and his invention Yai Sakizo’s development Lithium- ion battery from Japan

Types of batteries - identified by size AAA-in mice AA-TV controllers, lamps, C-lamps D-in lamps 4,5 V 9V

Types of batteries identified by the use and content Alkaline Manganese Batteries Nickel- Cadmium Batteries Lithium-ion batteries Silver-oxide batteries Lead-acid batteries Used in household gadgets, remote controls, etc. Inexpensive, rechargeable forms of alkaline batteries In cellular phones and consumer electronics In watches, they are the more common forms of button cell battery In automotive units, in cars, lawn-mowers, etc….

Recycling Options Heat is used to separate the high temperature metals (nickel, iron, steel) from the low temperature metals (zinc and cadmium)

Lithium – ion batteries Heat is used carefully When exposed to heat, they have the potential to explode

Silver-oxide batteries They contain mercury, so they are hazardous They have an alpha-numeric code in which the first letters indicate what type of metals they contain L- manganese-dioxide S- siver-oxide Shredded to recover valuable metals

Lead-acid batteries 97% recycling rate Plastic new battery cases Lead cleaned, reprocessed Sulfuric acid neutralized, cleaned for human consumption

What happens to the batteries collected in school? In our school there is a box to collect batteries. They carry all of the batteries to a hazardous waste dump to Germany (the name of the German company is unknown) They dispose most of the batteries.

8 ways to optimize your battery use 1.Replace only one at a time 2.Use the ones with more hazardous ingredients!? 3.Laptops aren’t for laps 4.Keep your batteries cool 5.Wait for good reception when you’re using the Internet 6.Insulate your batteries 7.Clank up your batteries 8.Opt for plugging in

Solutions Virus-powered batteries Self-charging batteries CVD crystal

Thank for your attention!