Verb Tenses

Verb Tenses The principal parts of verbs are the present, present participle, past, past participle, and future.

Verb Tenses The tense of a verb indicates the time of the action or state of being expressed by the verb.

Present Tense Present Tense indicates an action in the present. Examples: Now the class begins. She walks to class.

Present Participle Participles are used with a helping verb in front (am, is, are, was, were) The present participle is usually formed by adding –ing to the present form. Jumping, walking Most verbs that end in –e drop the e before adding the –ing. Hope  Hoping Some verbs double the final consonant before adding –ing. Hug  Hugging

Past The past tense indicates an action that occurred in the past. The past tense is usually formed by adding –d or –ed to the present form. Example: We wanted to see the show.

Past Participles Participles are formed with a helping verb in front of it (have, had, has) Past participles can be used an adjective or modifier. The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding –d or –ed to the present form. Example: Since the dishes were washed, we left the kitchen.

Practice Page 221 Exercise 1

Future The future tense indicates an action in the future. In the future tense the word will is used with the verb. Sometimes shall is used when the pronoun I or we is the subject. Examples: He will go to school tomorrow. Susan will cook spaghetti tonight.

Irregular Verbs An irregular verb forms its past and past participle some other way than adding –d or –ed to the end of the verb. There are many irregular verbs (about 250).

Common Irregular Verbs Finish the table in your notes by using the chart in your textbook. (Page 223-226) Present Present Participle Past Past Participle Be Is Was, were been Drink Drinking Drank Drunk Eat Eating Ate Eaten See Seeing Saw Seen Swim Swimming Swam Swum

Practice Page 224 Exercise 2 Page 227 Exercise 3

Verb Tense The tense of a verb tells when it is happening. (past, present and future)

IMPORTANT Do NOT change needlessly from one tense to another. Tenses should remain consistent. Example: Inconsistent: When we go to the movies, we bought some popcorn. Consistent: When we go to the movies, we buy some popcorn. Consistent: When we went to the movies, we bought some popcorn.

Practice Page 232 Exercise 4

Page 228 Review A Page 229 Review B

Sit / Set Sit – to be seated Set – to put something somewhere Base Present Participle Past Past Participle Sit Sitting Sat (have) sat Set Setting (have) set

Sit / Set Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word) I am ________ at my desk. I have _______ all morning. I am ________ my pencil on my desk. I have _______ my pencil on my desk.

Sit / Set Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word) I am sitting at my desk. I have sat all morning. I am setting my pencil on my desk. I have set my pencil on my desk

Practice Page 235 Exercise 6

Rise / Raise Rise – to go up Raise – to lift something up Base Present Participle Past Past Participle Rise (is) rising Rose (have) risen Raise Raising Raised (have) raised

Rise / Raise Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word) I am ________ from my desk. I _______ from my desk. I have ______ from my desk. I am ________ my hand. I have _______ my hand.

Rise / Raise Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word) I am rising from my desk. I rise from my desk. I have risen from my desk. I am raising my hand. I have raised my hand.

Practice Page 236 Exercise 7

Lie / Lay Lie – to recline Lay – to put something down Base Present Participle Past Past Participle Lie (is) lying Lay (have) lain (is) laying Laid (have) laid

Practice Grandma is (lying, laying) down. I should go (lie, lay) down, too. The silverware is (lying, laying) on the table. I don’t know where I (lay, laid) my keys. I should have (lain, laid) them on the table. I should have (lain, laid) down an hour ago.

Practice Page 238 Exercise 8 Page 239 Review C