BOTSWANA POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE BRIEFING

UNDP-UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE (PEI): HISTORY UNDP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE UNDP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE Supported by DFID & EC Supported by DFID & EC Grew out of WSSD, PEP formed Grew out of WSSD, PEP formed UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT PROJECT: UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT PROJECT: Supported by Norway & Belgium Supported by Norway & Belgium FORMED UNDP-UNEP PEI 2005 FORMED UNDP-UNEP PEI 2005 Redesign of UNEP P & E activities Redesign of UNEP P & E activities Joint programming, budgeting & staff recruitment Joint programming, budgeting & staff recruitment Leading example of interagency co-operation Leading example of interagency co-operation

UNDP-UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE (PEI): WHAT WE DO Supporting governments to: Integrate Environmental Sustainability into National Development Processes (e.g. PRSPs & NDPs) so that development is not undermined by unsustainable use of natural resources Integrate Environmental Sustainability into National Development Processes (e.g. PRSPs & NDPs) so that development is not undermined by unsustainable use of natural resources Build National Capacity to: Build National Capacity to: Identify links between poverty & environment Identify links between poverty & environment Integrate environmental sustainability into national development processes Integrate environmental sustainability into national development processes

UNDP-UNEP POVERTY & ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE (PEI): WHY WE DO IT Unsustainable use of the environment reduces the social & economic benefits produced Unsustainable use of the environment reduces the social & economic benefits produced E.G. People get sick & die, farmers grow less & earn less E.G. People get sick & die, farmers grow less & earn less Development is hindered by environmental damage Development is hindered by environmental damage The contribution of environment to social & economic development is often poorly understood The contribution of environment to social & economic development is often poorly understood Environmental sustainability not operationally integrated into national development processes (e.g. PRSPs): Words but not action. Environmental sustainability not operationally integrated into national development processes (e.g. PRSPs): Words but not action.

EXAMPLES OF POVERTY- ENVIRONMENT LINKS First picture shows a grossly polluted canal in Mali First picture shows a grossly polluted canal in Mali The 2nd is people living next to that canal & using this polluted water – because they do not have any other source of water. The 2nd is people living next to that canal & using this polluted water – because they do not have any other source of water. So they get sick from water borne diseases & malaria – ie pollution causes sickness & the costs associated with that So they get sick from water borne diseases & malaria – ie pollution causes sickness & the costs associated with that The 3 rd picture is of a very steep hillside in Rwanda – soil erosion is a major problem The 3 rd picture is of a very steep hillside in Rwanda – soil erosion is a major problem Soil erosion reduces agricultural productivity & causes silting of hydro electricity reservoirs = decreased electricity production Soil erosion reduces agricultural productivity & causes silting of hydro electricity reservoirs = decreased electricity production

UNDP-UNEP PEI: COUNTRY PROGRAMMES Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, Mozambique, Mali & Mauritania Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, Mozambique, Mali & Mauritania Experience in country PEI programmes = key lessons learnt & model for mainstreaming environment into development processes Experience in country PEI programmes = key lessons learnt & model for mainstreaming environment into development processes Proposal to scale-up to additional countries developed & accepted by key donors (EC, UK, Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands) Proposal to scale-up to additional countries developed & accepted by key donors (EC, UK, Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands)

Implementation Approach Country programme preparation (6 - 9 months) Country programme preparation (6 - 9 months) Country programme implementation -Phase I (18-24 months) Country programme implementation -Phase I (18-24 months) Identifying links between environment & development Identifying links between environment & development Operational integration of environment sustainability into national development plans Operational integration of environment sustainability into national development plans Country programme implementation - Phase II (2 years +) Country programme implementation - Phase II (2 years +) Strengthening country capacity to integrate environment into development processes at national & sectoral levels Strengthening country capacity to integrate environment into development processes at national & sectoral levels Strengthened domestic revenue base for environmental investments (reducing dependence on donors) Strengthened domestic revenue base for environmental investments (reducing dependence on donors)

Lessons Need for comprehensive, programmatic approach to mainstreaming - a project approach will not work. Need for comprehensive, programmatic approach to mainstreaming - a project approach will not work. Deep engagement necessary Deep engagement necessary Focus on results not agency Focus on results not agency Very detailed mapping of government macro & sectoral policy, planning & decision-making processes (“machinery of government”), institutions & individuals relevant to the national development process is required. ‘Development Intelligence.’ Very detailed mapping of government macro & sectoral policy, planning & decision-making processes (“machinery of government”), institutions & individuals relevant to the national development process is required. ‘Development Intelligence.’ The Planning/Finance ministry must be an equal or the prime focal ministry in the process from the very beginning. The Planning/Finance ministry must be an equal or the prime focal ministry in the process from the very beginning.

Lessons A realistic assessment of country commitment at different levels & in both environment & planning ministries is necessary. A realistic assessment of country commitment at different levels & in both environment & planning ministries is necessary. Supporting a country-led environmental mainstreaming process has high transaction costs, because it is new, seeking to change government priorities & involves a number of ministries. ‘Stubborn persistence & attention to detail’ Supporting a country-led environmental mainstreaming process has high transaction costs, because it is new, seeking to change government priorities & involves a number of ministries. ‘Stubborn persistence & attention to detail’ Detailed country-specific evidence on the links between environment, poverty reduction & pro-poor growth is needed to convince policy makers, economists & planners that investment in environment sustainability is worthwhile. Detailed country-specific evidence on the links between environment, poverty reduction & pro-poor growth is needed to convince policy makers, economists & planners that investment in environment sustainability is worthwhile.

Lessons The application of integrated economic & environment project, programme & policy appraisals needs to become a standard operating procedures for planning/finance & sectoral ministries. The application of integrated economic & environment project, programme & policy appraisals needs to become a standard operating procedures for planning/finance & sectoral ministries. Developing a full partnership approach with key in- country donors is vital for long term success on several fronts Developing a full partnership approach with key in- country donors is vital for long term success on several fronts (Capacity building, sector mainstreaming, sustainable domestic financing for environmental sector) (Capacity building, sector mainstreaming, sustainable domestic financing for environmental sector) Timely support from UNDP Country Office critical. Timely support from UNDP Country Office critical.

Vision 2016 (7 Pillars) NDP 10 (16 Goals) Ministry/Department, District Goals United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UN/GoB UNDAF & Programme) UNDPUNEPUNICEFWHOFAO Sub-sector Goals: Economic, Social, Security, Administration 10 KRAs including: Sustainable Economic Growth Sustainable Environment Enhanced well-being and social responsibility UNDAF Clusters: Governance and Human Rights Promotion Economic Diversification and Poverty Reduction Health and HIV and AIDS Environment and Climate Change Children, Youth and Women Empowerment Links between NDP, UNDAF and PEI UNDP/UNEP/GoB Poverty and Environment Initiative

GoB/UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative (PEI) Stage 1: November 2008 – April 2009 To design a GoB/UNDP/UNEP PEI programme that contribute to the achievement UNDAF and NDP 10 Outcomes. Key Activities: Identification of key environment, growth and poverty reduction issues in Botswana Institutional analysis and mapping of policy processes and initiatives, roles and responsibilities of GoB and development partners related to environmental issues within the context of NDP- 10 Review NDP-10 and other relevant planning documents to identify entry points for mainstreaming environment into national sectoral and local level planning processes Identify potential ‘champions’ in government, civil society, private sector, media and donors; focal points within government; and relevant donor and government-donor coordination mechanisms

GoB/UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative (PEI) Stage 1: November – April 2009 Key Activities (continued) Recommend effective implementation arrangements, e.g. establishment of an inter-departmental task team/steering committee/working groups that includes environment, planning/finance and key sectoral ministries. Results: Enhanced awareness of the links between poverty and environment and environment and economic growth and their contribution to national development priorities Joint UN Programme to support the UNDAF and NDP outcomes that leads to improved integration of environmentally sustainable natural resource management in NDP-10, poverty and related sector strategies as well as increased resources for sustainable environment and natural resource management

GoB/UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative (PEI) Stage 2; June/July 2009 – 2016 Implementation of GoB/UNDP/UNEP PEI Programme that contributes to the following UNDAF Outputs Governance and Human Rights Promotion: Effective coordination of collection, analysis and use of quality disaggregated data (statistics) in decision making Strategy for the national statistical system developed Economic Diversification and Poverty Reduction: National and District Frameworks developed for local economic and social development in all districts Regulatory instruments to improve poor people’s access to financial services and productive assets/resources strengthened

GoB/UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative (PEI) Economic Diversification and Poverty Reduction (contd.): Enhanced technical and oversight capacity of the Multi- Sectoral Committee on Poverty Reduction and the Socio- Economic Policy Sub-division of the Ministry of Finance and Development Planning to manage the implementation of the National Strategy for Poverty Reduction Poverty reduction is mainstreamed into national and district development plans Effective social protection mechanisms established based on vulnerability assessments, research and analysis. Environment and Climate Change: Environment and conservation mainstreamed into national development and poverty reduction framework

GoB/UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative (PEI) Next Steps: Identification of National and International expertise to facilitate the consultative process for development of draft Joint Programme Identification of National and International expertise to facilitate the consultative process for development of draft Joint Programme Agreement with Government of Botswana on the PEI framework including resources and staffing Agreement with Government of Botswana on the PEI framework including resources and staffing Implementation, monitoring and evaluation within the UNDAF implementation framework Implementation, monitoring and evaluation within the UNDAF implementation framework

Summary Contribution of sustainable management of environmental natural resources to development priorities insufficiently recognised or integrated into national & sectoral development processes. Contribution of sustainable management of environmental natural resources to development priorities insufficiently recognised or integrated into national & sectoral development processes. Consequently, development priorities, including poverty reduction, will be more difficult to achieve. Consequently, development priorities, including poverty reduction, will be more difficult to achieve. Environmental degradation is a serious issue in many countries in Africa and elsewhere Environmental degradation is a serious issue in many countries in Africa and elsewhere UNDP-UNEP PEI supports mainstreaming of environment into national & sectoral development processes to reduce environmental degradation to help achieve development priorities in a sustainable manner. UNDP-UNEP PEI supports mainstreaming of environment into national & sectoral development processes to reduce environmental degradation to help achieve development priorities in a sustainable manner. NDP & UNDAF key opportunity for a successful PEI in Botswana NDP & UNDAF key opportunity for a successful PEI in Botswana