Integration of MSC.FlightLoads and Dynamics at Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company* Dan Egle Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, Fort Worth, Texas John Ausman MSC.Software Corporation, Santa Ana, California MSC.Software 3rd Worldwide Aerospace Conference and Technology Showcase, 24 - 26 September, 2001 Paper No. 2001-31 *Copyright ã 2001 Lockheed Martin Corporation. All rights reserved. Published by MSC.Software Corporation with permission.

External Loads Analysis is a Multidisciplinary Activity All Roads Lead To Loads 1000’s of Maneuver Trim Simulations 100’s of “Design-To” Load Cases Pitching Moment Rolling Moment Aerodynamic Data Mass Distribution Structural Flexibility Flight Control System Maneuver Description External Loads Analysis External Loads Analysis is a Multidisciplinary Activity

External Loads Come From Many Sources Simulation Wind Tunnel Testing Inertia Loads Fuel Thrust Drag Air Store Bending Moment Buttock Line Flight Test Predicted Analysis Correlation Flight Testing

External Loads Analysis Models Evolve Aerodynamic Models Flat Panel Linear Theory CFD 3-D Linear Theory Conceptual Design Detail Design Structural Models Stick Fuselage FEM Built-Up Fuselage FEM

LM Aero External Loads Development Process Database of Elastically Corrected Loads Linear or Nonlinear Aerodynamic Data General Mass Distribution Definition Versatile Flight Control Specification Robust Quasi-Static Trim Analyses Integrated Component Loads Generation NONLINEAR AEROELASTIC PRESSURE DATABASE Nonlinear Rigid Pressure Data 2-D Loads Integration Model Pressure Mapping Linear Flexible Increment Aeroelastic Analysis LM Aero Loads Methods Adapt to Analysis Model Fidelity

MSC.FlightLoads Enhances Aeroelastic Analysis CAD MSC.Nastran MSC.Patran CAD Access Structural Model Aerodynamic Model Results Visualization Structural Analysis Aeroelasticity Design Optimization MSC.FlightLoads Key Features Pre- and Post-Processing Support From MSC.Patran Subsonic and Supersonic Aerodynamic Panel Codes External Nonlinear Pressure, Force, and AIC Data Support Generic Control System and Iterative Trim Algorithms Aeroelastic Analysis of Aircraft For Arbitrary Maneuvers Aerodynamic and Aeroelastic Loads Database and Browser

Integrate External Loads Analysis Core Strengths LM Aero Loads Analysis Tools Nonlinear Aeroelastic Database Component Integrated Loads Efficient Trim Data Input Robust Quasi-Static Trim Compatible Loads Data Output Integrated With Existing Pre- and Post Processing Tools MSC.FlightLoads V1 Aeroelastic Model Development Aeroelastic Data Generation Aeroelastic Data Visualization MSC.FlightLoads V2001 Nonlinear Aeroelastic Database Component Integrated Loads Aero Pressure Visualization Improved Integration Through Partnership

MSC.Nastran Toolkit API Provides Direct Access Key Features Programmatic Client-Server Interface to MSC.Nastran C, FORTRAN and Java Language Bindings Client Programs Access MSC.Nastran Database (Query / Create / Read / Write Table and Matrix Data) Client Programs Invoke MSC.Nastran Functionality Invoke Any MSC.Nastran Module Using Standard DMAP and/or MSC.Nastran Solution Sequence User Written Client Program A P I MSC-Supplied Client object lib. MSC.Nastran Executable DATABASE DMAP Library Client Server Seamless Transfer of Information Between Client and Server

Integration of MSC.FlightLoads at LM Aero 3D to 2D Mapping Map3D_2ADB Rigid Aero Correction Correct_ADB Balanced Maneuver Loads Analysis Component Critical Survey Existing Process Trim Cases NLDS MSC.FlightLoads MSC.Patran MSC.Nastran FORCE Cards Toolkit API ADB AEDB Rigid Aero Database Aeroelastic API FORCE Cards MSC Tools LM Aero Tools

Balanced Maneuver Loads Analysis NLDS Client Features Direct Access to MSC.Nastran Database Via Toolkit APIs Read Access to Data Previously Obtained Through Flat Files MSC.Nastran Data Stored In Existing Data Structures ADB / AEDB May Contain Nonlinear Aeroelastic Data MSC.Nastran Interpolator Provides Aeroelastic Data at Arbitrary Controller Settings MSC.Nastran Data Feeds NLDS Iterative Quasi-Static Trim and Component Loads Algorithms MSC.Nastran ADB Aero Model Geometry Coordinate Systems Reference Dimensions Control Surface Definition AEDB Control Vector States Rigid Loads Flexible Load Increments MSC.Nastran Toolkit MSC.FlightLoads Toolkit NLDS

Rigid Aerodynamic Data Correction Correct_ADB Features Direct Access to MSC.Nastran Database Via Toolkit APIs Allows Modification of Loads Source Data to Conform With Test or Higher-Order Data Aerodynamic Load Set Specified by Control Parameter Settings Additive (Delta) or Multiplicative (Scale) Corrections Allowed With Optional Target Integrated Component Load Matching Two Phase Process: Corrections Calculated by Client and Applied by Server (MSC.Nastran) Correct_ADB MSC.FlightLoads Toolkit MSC.Nastran Toolkit DMAP Original Data SCALE, DELTA Corrected Data ADB MSC.Nastran AEDB

3D-to-2D Aerodynamic Pressure Mapping Map3D_2ADB Features Map 3D Pressure Data to 2D Aeroelastic Model MSC.Patran Application Written in PCL Fields Capability Used to Perform 3D-2D Mapping 3D and 2D Models Divided Into Regions for Mapping Delta Pressure Calculated on 2D Model Transfer to MSC.Nastran Database Via Bulk Data Interface

Concluding Remarks Summary Acknowledgements Improved Integration of MSC.FlightLoads and the LM Aero External Loads Analysis Process MSC.Nastran Toolkit API Provided Direct Access to MSC.Nastran Aerodynamic and Aeroelastic Databases LM Aero and MSC Worked Together To Combine Core Strengths of MSC.FlightLoads and the LM Aero External Loads Analysis Process and Tools Acknowledgements Tad Chichester (LM Aero) – NLDS Vision Doug Neill (MSC) – MSC.FlightLoads and Dynamics Steve Wilder & Vinh Lam (MSC) – Correct_ADB Gerry Norvell (MSC) – Map3D_2ADB