Urban Planning and Management Tools for Poverty Alleviation UPA Package 5, Module 1 Urban Planning and Management Tools for Poverty Alleviation

Course Objectives At the end of the Urban Planning and Management ccourse you should understand the usefulness of management methods for urban poverty alleviation be able to plan and implement goal-oriented know how to establish and manage an urban platform be able to apply Management-by-Objectives (MBO) have basic knowledge about monitoring and evaluation have improved your communication skills know basics about mediation and conflict management be introduced to resource allocation, fund raising and motivation building

Course Programme (1) Module Lesson 5.1. Introduction to a Strategic Approach to Urban Planning 1. Poverty Alleviation and Urban Land Management 2. Situative Planning – A Strategic Approach to Urban Planning 5.2 Urban Profile 1. Preparing an Urban Profile 5.3 Working with Stakeholders 1. Organisational and Institutional Analysis 2. Participatory Appraisal 5.4 Management Tools for Urban Planning 1. Urban Platform and Interest Analysis 2. Problem and Potential Analysis 3. Objectives and Alternatives Analysis 4. Logical Framework 5.5 Guidelines for Implementation 1. Plan of Operation 2. Monitoring and Evaluation 5.6 Useful Communication Skills for Urban Planning 1. Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 2. Mediation and Conflict Management 3. Resource Allocation, Fund Raising and Motivation Building

Poverty Alleviation and Urban Planning

Urbanisation in Poverty Rapid urban growth in less developed countries is unprecedented in human history: high natural population growth and rural-urban migration exploding cities even in countries with stagnating economies Poor households follow ‘shelter first’ strategy: high sensitivity to travel costs (fares, time) house transformations and extensions resulting from urban livelihood strategies degradation of urban environment and morphology Public authorities often lack adequate resources (ailing state) follow inappropriate concepts, strategies, priorities apply out-dated legal and administrative frameworks

The Divided City The urban poor often constitute the majority but are largely excluded from the formal urban economy (land, employment, goods, services) state provided services (education, health, transport, land tenure, housing, security) political participation (representation, decision making, ownership) The disintegrated, divided city faces economic inefficiency political destabilisation, unrest, lack of harmony public and private security threats

Principles of Pro-poor Urban Governance Support pro-poor market exchange for economic growth Give the poor an adequate share of scarce public resources Let the poor participate in political decision making

Elements of Good Governance for Urban Poverty Reduction (1) Labour markets support for small and micro enterprises increased access to employment facilitating ‚informal‘ enterprises support to home-based activities safety nets Land, housing and urban services tenure security and property rights flexible and appropriate regulations for land and shelter development simple procedures and easily available permits …

Elements of Good Governance for Urban Poverty Reduction (2) Financial markets increased access to credit and saving schemes linkages between formal and informal finance institutions Public finance cost recovery and targeted subsidies pro-poor participatory budgeting Urban governance and capacity building accountability and responsiveness to the public anticorruption policies and practices capacity building of local governments, community organisations and NGOs Source: Habitat Debate Vol. 6, No. 4, 2000: 3 (adapted)

Guidelines for Urban Planning under Good Governance Introduce appropriate urban planning and land-use regulations. Reserve adequate tasks for the public, private, formal and informal sectors. Strengthen private-public planning partnership. Create institutions for stakeholder participation. Exercise planning as urban management.

Planning as Urban Management Define priority development objectives in a participatory approach with all relevant stakeholders. Monitor the state of development with special reference to critical states and targets. Assess the financial potentials and consequences. Co-operate with sectoral departments and public and private actors. Mobilise actors and resources. Moderate competing interests. Resolve land related disputes. Inform the political bodies and all concerned parties and stakeholders.