PREGNANCY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

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Pregnancy • —time from fertilization until infant is born
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Presentation transcript:

PREGNANCY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Chapter 28

Stages of Development

Accomplishing Fertilization Fertilization=fusion of sperm and egg to produce a zygote Most sperm never make it to the egg! Fertilization requires capacitation

Completion of Meiosis II

Completion of Meiosis II

Zygote

Cleavage

Cleavage

Morula

Blastocyst

Blastocyst

Implantation of the Blastocyst

Placenta Formation and Embryonic Development

Embryonic Membranes Amnion Chorion Allantois Yolk sac

Embryonic Development

Placental Formation

Hormonal Changes

Embryonic Development

Embryonic Development

Fetal Development

Development of Fetal Circulation

Fetal Development

Fetal Development

Fetal Development

Fetal Development

Effects of Pregnancy Anatomical Changes

Effects of Pregnancy Hormonal Changes Human Placental Lactogen (hPL) Human Chorionic Thyrotropin (hCT)

Effects of Pregnancy Physiological Changes Morning sickness Heartburn Constipation Increased urine output Frequency Urgency Stress incontinence Increased respiratory rate Increased vital capacity Dyspnea Decreased residual volume Increased blood volume Edema Hypertension Increased cardiac output

Parturition: Initiation of Labor

Parturition: Stages of Labor

Parturition: Stages of Labor

Parturition: Stages of Labor

Parturition: Stages of Labor

Parturition: Lactation

Homeostatic Imbalance Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Dystocia Spontaneous abortion Induced abortion Eclampsia Ectopic pregnancy Placenta abruption Placenta previa

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