THE ENGLISH ARTICLES.

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Presentation transcript:

THE ENGLISH ARTICLES

The English Articles Indefinite Article = a/an Definite Article = the Zero Article = Ø

Classification of Nouns Common Nouns Proper Nouns Count Noncount Sing. Plural Definite the Ø Indefinite a/an some/Ø

Mass to Count Noun Shifts If we conceive of such a noun as “ a kind and a type of, or a unit and a serving of ”, we make it countable. MASS ( generic) COUNT (type) cheese a cheese tea a tea coffee a coffee chocolate a chocolate

Mass to Count Noun Shifts There can be some meaning change when we think a noun as count or noncount. The meaning change is not predictable. MASS COUNT (s.) COUNT (pl.) glass a glass glasses (cam) (bardak) (gözlük) iron an iron irons (demir) (ütü) (golf sopası)

The Meaning of Articles Generic Meaning The lion is a ferocious animal. A lion is a ferocious animal. Lions are ferocious animals.

The Meaning of Articles Nongeneric Meaning The lion escaped from the zoo. A lion escaped from the zoo. Lions escaped from the zoo.

The Meaning of the Indefinite Articles Nonspecific noun phrases (a /an , some, Ø) Let’s rent a movie or listen to some /Ø music. Difference between some and Ø I need stamps. I need some stamps. A particular type or class as opposed to another type. I am a teacher. This is a pencil.

The Meanings of the Definite Article Cultural Use the sun, the moon, the White House Situational Use Don’t go in there. The dog will bite you. Pass me the salt. Textual Use I left a book on my desk this morning. I returned home to get the book at noon. Structural Use The first person, The most beautiful, The best, etc. It is the first time that I have ever seen snow. It is the same book.