Problem Gambling 101 Jackson County Problem Gambling Prevention Services Presented by: Roxann Jones

Definition of Gambling To risk money or something of value on the outcome of an unpredictable event or contest.

History: First Gambling Law 1630 – “All persons whatsoever that have cards, dice or tables in their houses, shall make away with them before the next court under pain of punishment.” 1630 – “All persons whatsoever that have cards, dice or tables in their houses, shall make away with them before the next court under pain of punishment.” 1744 – Virginia outlaws gambling in public places – Virginia outlaws gambling in public places.

History: Public Lotteries lotteries held in 8 states lotteries held in 8 states Amount raised from the lotteries was five times greater than that year’s federal budget. Amount raised from the lotteries was five times greater than that year’s federal budget.

History: Prohibition Years Concurrent with the growing attitude towards prohibition of alcohol and other drugs, gambling became illegal in nearly all of the United States. Concurrent with the growing attitude towards prohibition of alcohol and other drugs, gambling became illegal in nearly all of the United States.

History: National 1931 – Las Vegas gambling legalized 1931 – Las Vegas gambling legalized 1945 – “Bugsy” Segal builds the first hotel/Casino complex: The Flamingo 1945 – “Bugsy” Segal builds the first hotel/Casino complex: The Flamingo 1977 – Every state except Nevada prohibited commercial gambling casinos. Now, all but two (Utah & Hawaii) have some form of legalized gambling available – Every state except Nevada prohibited commercial gambling casinos. Now, all but two (Utah & Hawaii) have some form of legalized gambling available – Indian Gambling Regulatory Act 1988 – Indian Gambling Regulatory Act

History: Oregon 1933 – Pari –mutual betting legalized 1933 – Pari –mutual betting legalized 1976 – Charity bingo 1976 – Charity bingo 1984 – Lottery Authorized 1984 – Lottery Authorized 1985 – Megabucks and scratch-offs 1985 – Megabucks and scratch-offs 1987 – Off track betting legalized 1987 – Off track betting legalized

History: Oregon Continued 1989 – Sports betting ( sports action lottery) 1989 – Sports betting ( sports action lottery) 1991 – Keno authorized, every 5 minutes 1991 – Keno authorized, every 5 minutes 1992 – Video poker legalized ( as of October, 2004 there are 10,238 terminals in over 2,000 venues) 1992 – Video poker legalized ( as of October, 2004 there are 10,238 terminals in over 2,000 venues) 1994 – First Native American Casino opened ( Currently there are 9 open in Oregon) 1994 – First Native American Casino opened ( Currently there are 9 open in Oregon)

History: Oregon Continued 2003 – Football scratch-it tickets 2003 – Football scratch-it tickets 2003 – Expansion to six lottery terminals and ten in pari-mutual establishments 2003 – Expansion to six lottery terminals and ten in pari-mutual establishments 2004 – Keno offered every 4 minutes. Lottery Click & Play computerized games implemented 2004 – Keno offered every 4 minutes. Lottery Click & Play computerized games implemented 2005 – Line games implemented 2005 – Line games implemented

Scope: Oregon 2008 Oregonians spent 1.6 billion on Oregon Lottery sales, or $434 per adult 2008 Oregonians spent 1.6 billion on Oregon Lottery sales, or $434 per adult – Approximately $5 million a day – Approximately $205 thousand an hour – Approximately $3,425 a minute – Equals more than $57 a second! 2008 – Jackson County residents spent over $57 million on Oregon Lottery Sales, or approximately $385 per adult 2008 – Jackson County residents spent over $57 million on Oregon Lottery Sales, or approximately $385 per adult

Scope: Oregon 2008 – Oregon’s casinos garnered about 32% of all gambling dollars spent by Oregonians 2008 – Oregon’s casinos garnered about 32% of all gambling dollars spent by Oregonians The Oregon Lottery had net sales of billion in fiscal year 2008 (Oregon Lottery 08) The Oregon Lottery had net sales of billion in fiscal year 2008 (Oregon Lottery 08) 40% to 60% of cash wagered in casinos is withdrawn from ATMs as cash or cash advance 40% to 60% of cash wagered in casinos is withdrawn from ATMs as cash or cash advance Oregonians entering treatment in 2007, had a combined debt related to gambling of over $37 million. Oregonians entering treatment in 2007, had a combined debt related to gambling of over $37 million.

Tribal Casinos : Oregon Oregon tribal casinos offer: Oregon tribal casinos offer: –7,078 slot machines –125 table games –1956 bingo seats –39 poker tables Only 7 other states have more gambling tribes Only 7 other states have more gambling tribes Spirit Mountain is Oregon’s #1 tourist attraction, having surpassed Multnomah Falls Spirit Mountain is Oregon’s #1 tourist attraction, having surpassed Multnomah Falls

Minimum Age 18 – Traditional lottery games (e.g., scratch –its, Powerball, Breakopens) 18 – Traditional lottery games (e.g., scratch –its, Powerball, Breakopens) 18 – Charitable gaming (e.g., bingo) 18 – Charitable gaming (e.g., bingo) 18 – Pari-mutual betting (horses) 18 – Pari-mutual betting (horses) 21 – Video lottery and tribal casinos 21 – Video lottery and tribal casinos

Definition: Problem Gambler “Gambling behavior which causes disruptions in any major area of life: psychological, physical, social or vocational” (National Council on Problem Gambling)

Definition: Pathological Gambler A chronic disorder that results in the loss of control over gambling ( DSM-IV )

Impact: Prevalence in Oregon 2006 – 2.7% of adults (approx 74,000) were believed to meet the criteria for problem or pathological gamblers (Moore, 2006) 2006 – 2.7% of adults (approx 74,000) were believed to meet the criteria for problem or pathological gamblers (Moore, 2006) One in every 25 Oregon Teens (13-17) experienced gambling-related problems, that’s more than 10,000 Oregon Teens (Carlson &Moore, 1998) One in every 25 Oregon Teens (13-17) experienced gambling-related problems, that’s more than 10,000 Oregon Teens (Carlson &Moore, 1998) About 6,000 Oregonians over 62 (1.2%) are believed to meet the criteria for problem or pathological gambling (Moore, 2001) About 6,000 Oregonians over 62 (1.2%) are believed to meet the criteria for problem or pathological gambling (Moore, 2001)

Gambling in Oregon Lottery LotteryScratch-itsMegabucksPowerball Video gaming 62% poker 15% slots Keno Keno Bingo Bingo Casino Gaming Casino Gaming Sports bets Horse racing Stocks Internet Office pools Poker / cards Bets among friends

Impact: Crime Over 36% of clients in Oregon reported committed crimes to finance gambling Over 36% of clients in Oregon reported committed crimes to finance gambling Gamblers Anonymous members report that approximately half of their members had stolen to gamble and over 1/3 had been arrested Gamblers Anonymous members report that approximately half of their members had stolen to gamble and over 1/3 had been arrested Most crimes are non-violent: e.g., check forgery, stealing credit cards, embezzlement, insurance fraud, tax evasion, fencing stolen goods, etc. Most crimes are non-violent: e.g., check forgery, stealing credit cards, embezzlement, insurance fraud, tax evasion, fencing stolen goods, etc.

Impact: Domestic 18 % of gamblers seeking treatment had gambling related divorces 18 % of gamblers seeking treatment had gambling related divorces 10% more had gambling related separations 10% more had gambling related separations 31 % lost or quit a job due to gambling 31 % lost or quit a job due to gambling Average debt generally equal to income Average debt generally equal to income 25% of gamblers seeking treatment reported domestic violence in their relationship as a result of their gambling 25% of gamblers seeking treatment reported domestic violence in their relationship as a result of their gambling

Impact: Children Children of PGs experience twice the incidence of broken homes (separation, divorce, death of a parent) before age 15 Children of PGs experience twice the incidence of broken homes (separation, divorce, death of a parent) before age 15 Children of PGs are prone to suffer abuse as well as a neglect Children of PGs are prone to suffer abuse as well as a neglect Children of PGs have higher levels of overeating and tobacco, alcohol, and drug use Children of PGs have higher levels of overeating and tobacco, alcohol, and drug use

Impact: Child Examples 28 reported child fatalities nation wide reported from children being left in cars while parents gamble 28 reported child fatalities nation wide reported from children being left in cars while parents gamble IL: Woman who needed money to gamble suffocated her 7-week-old child to collect $200,000 of life insurance IL: Woman who needed money to gamble suffocated her 7-week-old child to collect $200,000 of life insurance OR: Woman left her children, ages 1,2, and 3, strapped in their car seats as she gambled at Spirit Mountain casino for 11 hours OR: Woman left her children, ages 1,2, and 3, strapped in their car seats as she gambled at Spirit Mountain casino for 11 hours

Impact: Suicide, Depression & Concurrent Disorders More than 48% of Oregon’s treatment clients had suicidal thoughts, and more than 7% had attempted suicide More than 48% of Oregon’s treatment clients had suicidal thoughts, and more than 7% had attempted suicide A major depressive disorder is likely to occur in 76% of pathological gamblers A major depressive disorder is likely to occur in 76% of pathological gamblers 30% Alcohol 30% Alcohol 13% Drugs 13% Drugs 61% Tobacco 61% Tobacco

“Addiction”: Gambling vs. Substances Similarities Loss of control Loss of control Denial Denial Depression & Mood Swings Depression & Mood Swings Progressive Progressive Chasing Chasing First win (high) remembered First win (high) remembered Blackouts/brownouts Blackouts/brownouts Use an escape Use an escape Preoccupation Preoccupation Low self esteem & high ego Low self esteem & high ego Use of rituals Use of rituals Similar highs Similar highs Differences Hidden addiction Can’t overdose Huge financial problems Can function at work Can’t be tested Doesn’t require ingestion Fewer resources available Perceptions

Impact: Employment Status Oregon Problem Gamblers in Treatment Oregon Problem Gamblers in Treatment –2% Unknown/Not coded –14% Not employed – not looking –17% Not employed looking –3% Irregular –10% Part-time –54% Full-time

More Popular than Ever: The Six “A’s” Availability (The only state that offers more gambling opportunities than Oregon in Nevada) Availability (The only state that offers more gambling opportunities than Oregon in Nevada) Access Access Acceptability Acceptability Advertising Advertising Attractiveness Attractiveness Adrenaline Adrenaline

Levels of Involvement Social Gambling You stick to limits of money to play with You stick to limits of money to play with You hope to win but expect to lose You hope to win but expect to lose You can take it or leave it You can take it or leave it You gamble once in a while You gamble once in a while Problem Gambling You play with $ you need or with borrowed $ You expect to win…. And keep playing to win back losses You think about gambling a lot You spend more and more time and money gambling

Getting Help in Jackson County – MYLIMIT or 1877mylimit.org Help Line, available 24 hrs, everyday Treatment Providers: Treatment Providers: - Addictions Recovery Center - On Track Treatment is free for gamblers and loved ones!