7C45 World of Microbes

Kingdoms Scientists classify living organisms into 6 main groups called Kingdoms. These include: – Animals – Plants – Fungi – Protists – Bacteria – Archaea

Microbes Germ = microbe that causes disease. Microbes cause most infectious diseases. Microbes include Protists, Bacteria, Fungi, and Viruses. Since viruses are not alive, they are not organisms. This is why we call them microbes and not microorganisms.

First 3 Kingdoms You are familiar with Animals and Plants. The 3 rd Kingdom is Fungi, and includes: – Mushrooms – Yeast – Mold

Protist Protist is a single-celled microbe with a nucleus Some cause illness but many are harmless. Some Trypanosoma cause sleeping sickness. Most Paramecium are harmless. Some Amoeba cause digestive illness.

Bacteria/Archaea These are single-celled without a nucleus. They are also the most common microbes and are tiny (1000 could fit on the dot of an “i”). Some cause diseases but some are helpful. Without them nothing would decompose. Some are important in food and drinks. Most yogurt have “live and active yogurt cultures” made by fermentation of milk by bacteria.

Bacteria Types: Spheres Diplococci (pairs) – Pneumonia Staphylococci (cluster) – Skin infection Streptococci (chains) – Strep throat

Bacteria Types: Rods Bacilli (rods) – Upset stomach Mycobacteria (chains) – Tuberculosis

Bacteria Types: Others Vibrio (curved rod) – Cholera Spirilla (short spiral) – Decomposers Spirochete (long spiral) – Syphilis Actinomyces (branched chain) – Produce antibiotics

Virus Discovery Virus was discovered in 1898, about 45 years before they were seen. Diseased tobacco plants had no bacteria even though the disease was infectious. It was thought that the disease was caused by a tiny unseen microbe they called “virus” which means “poison” in Latin. Seen with electron microscopes in 1939, we now know they cause flu, colds, chickenpox, and AIDS.

Virus Microbe, with no cells. Smallest, but not a living organism. They have genetic material, but not in a nucleus. They cannot grow or reproduce independently or carry out life functions like respiration. Instead they rely on cells of living organisms for their reproduction. They are non-living germs that cause disease so we call them microbes not microorganisms.

Average Microbe Sizes 1.Virus. 2.Bacterium 3.Protist

Compare Protist and Bacteria Pages C71-72 Protist 1.Microbe 2.Draw/Color Protists 3.Compare Protists & Bacteria Bacteria 1.Microbe 2.Draw/Color Bacteria

Compare Protist and Bacteria Protist Microbe Largest One cell Living organism Cell membrane Genetic material Nucleus Cytoplasm Organelles Bacteria Microbe Smaller One cell Living organism Cell wall Cell membrane Genetic material No nucleus Cytoplasm Organelles

Compare/Contrast Microbes: Draw and Complete this Venn Diagram ProtistB Bacteria Virus

ProtistBacteria living organisms, nucleus,cell membrane,cell wall, organelles,cytoplasm, 1 cellsmaller largest genetic material, genetic microbesmaterial not in nucleus not living, not a cell, smallest Virus

C45 Microbe World Analysis (answer using 1 paragraph each) 1.Can a microbe NOT be helpful OR harmful? 2.If you look through a microscope and see a long organism with a round structure inside of it, is it a protist, bacterium, or virus? 3.What are some advantages of using highest microscope power? Low power advantages? 4.Why are viruses NOT microorganisms?