2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals Unit Objective: 2.01

What Is A Computer? An electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output). Classified by size, speed and application Uses hardware and software Comes in different types

Types of Personal Computers Desktop computer: designed to be used on a desktop. Notebook/Tablet computer: designed to be used on a desktop but still small enough to be portable. Laptop computer: designed to be small enough and light enough to be used on your lap.

Hardware The tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched such as: Computer Case Monitor Keyboard and Mouse Disk Drive Speakers

Computer Components: Hardware the physical equipment of the computer that you can see and touch

PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM Computer Case (Processor inside) Monitor Speaker Keyboard Computer Case (Processor inside) Mouse CD-ROM/DVD Drive Printer Floppy Disk Drive

The Parts A of Computer Keyboard CPU (Central Processing Unit) Mouse Speakers Printer Scanner CPU (Central Processing Unit) The “brains” of the computer housed on a tiny silicon chip inside the computer case. Floppy Disk Drive CD-ROM/DVD Drive Monitor

Input Devices Keyboard Mouse/Trackball Joystick Light Pen Pointing Stick Touchpad Touch Screen Bar Code Reader Scanner Microphone Graphics Tablet Digital Cameras

Output Devices Monitor: screen that displays information such as text, numbers, and Printer: gives you information pictures. Softcopy from the computer in printed form. Hardcopy Speakers: allow you to hear voice, music, and other sounds from your computer.

Processing Device Central Processing Unit (CPU) – known as the heart or “brain” of the computer and is responsible for processing the information that has been entered into the computer

Storage Devices Hard Disk Drive: used to store data inside of the computer. Magnetic platter that holds a large amount of information in a form the computer can understand. Floppy Disk: flat circles of iron oxide-coated plastic enclosed in a hard plastic case. Most are 3 ½ inches and have a capacity to hold 1.44 MB or more of data. CD ROM Drive: a compact disk that reads only memory. CD-RW: a device that allows you to read and write to a compact disk

Storage Devices (Con.) Internal Storage: External Storage: Allows you to store information inside of the computer Hard Drive: Allows the fastest access to information RAM (Random Access Memory) – temporary ROM (Read Only Memory) - long-term memory External Storage: Allows you to use devices to store information outside of the computer Floppy Disks CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) CD-RW (Compact Disc (Read and Write) DVDs (Digital Video Disc) USB/Jump Drives

Which Storage Device Holds The Most Information? FLOPPY DISKS 1.44 MB CD-ROM DISC 640 MB HARD DRIVES 80 and above GB DVD DISC 17 GB

Software The intangible set of instructions that tells the computer what to do; known as programs or software programs.

Types of Software Operating System Software Application Software Sets the rules for how computer hardware and application software work together, controls the operation of the computer. Example: Windows Application Software Lets you accomplish specific tasks based on your needs. Examples: MS Word, Excel, Access, MS Works

Operating System Software Tasks Boots (starts up) the computer Formats disks Creates folders Saves and retrieves files Moves and copies files Every Computer Has Operating System Software!

Application Software Software that works with the operating system to meet a specific need or perform a specific task Examples: MS Word MS Excel MS PowerPoint MicroType Pro Internet Explorer

Types of Application Software Word Processing Program that allows you to create, edit, and print text documents Report, flyer, memo Spreadsheet Numbered Rows and Lettered Columns Intersection of a row and column is a cell Grade book, financial info Database Lets you set up an electronic filing system Enter text and numbers Find, search, and print info in different ways Address book, Card Catalog

The Information Cycle

WHAT DOES IPOS STAND FOR? Input Enters data into the computer Processing Changes data into usable form Output Sends data out of the computer Storage Saves for use later

What Happens During The IPOS Cycle? INPUT – when information is entered into the computer; the computer receives information PROCESSING – when the computer processes the information that has been entered OUTPUT – when information leaves the computer STORAGE – when information is stored to be used later.

How The IPOS Cycle Works INPUT STORAGE PROCESSING STORAGE OUTPUT

Input, Output, & Storage Devices Input device: hardware that allows you to communicate with your computer. Output device: hardware that allows your computer to communicate with the user Storage device: allows you to store or retrieve information

2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals. Unit Objective: 2.02 2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals.

Computer Workstation

Maintain Your Computer System Read your manual before operating your computer Make sure all plug-ins are secure at all times Keep the surrounding area dirt and dust free Keep eraser gum, food, and liquids away from the keyboard Do not stick pens or pencils into the drives on the CPU Keep your fingers and hands free of oily products, like lotion, and some hair products Clean the monitor with electronic wipes and do not touch it with your fingers

What Are Peripherals? A peripheral device is one that is attached to a computer in order to expand its ability to perform more tasks Are generally external Some of the more common devices are printers, disk drives, scanners, microphones, speakers, and cameras The devices can be input and output devices Some input devices are: mouse, joystick, keyboard Some output devices are: monitor, projector, speakers Some devices function as input and output are: media card readers, digital camcorders, digital mixers, and touch screens

Peripheral Devices Scanner: allows the user to computer to make copies of photos and other documents Tablet: small, light pc’s that function like portable writing tablets Printer: provides a hard copy of a document Digital Pen: captures and saves handwriting to the computer as you write on special digital paper.

Peripheral Devices (Cont’d.) Joystick: a handheld device that is often used with games Headset: designed to fit around the head to listen to spoken or recorded sounds. Digital Camera: captures and stores still images as digital data

Types of Printers Inkjet Better quality of printed document Dot Matrix Uses a pattern of dots to form images on paper Less expensive and images not as clear Inkjet Better quality of printed document Uses ink cartridge Less expensive than laser Laser Best quality of printed document Uses laser beam and toner to produce images Most expensive Quick

Proper Computer Care Keep food and drinks away from the computer and keyboard. Avoid dusty locations. Use a surge protector. Keep away from magnets. Do not block vents on the CPU. Avoid bright sunny locations. Do not move the computer while it is in use. Always exit programs properly. Use a virus check program on a regular basis.

Proper Diskette Care Do not remove from drives while drive is running or light is on. Avoid contact with magnets and electromagnetic fields. Keep disks stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover. Keep protective metal slider in place. Use a virus check program on a regular basis. Avoid hot and cold locations.

Proper Care of Printers Avoid cold, hot, and dusty locations Always use the correct ink or toner replacement Always have the proper printer cable connected to the computer Never pull paper out of a printer in motion Do not turn off the printer while printing Read the instructor’s manual before operating a printer Always use the proper type of paper in the printer

Proper Care of a Digital Camera Clean regularly Do not subject to knocks, vibrations, and magnetic fields, smoke, water, steam, sand, or chemicals Handle all moving parts with care Turn camera off before removing or disconnecting power source or cable or removing battery or memory card Don’t store or use in humid, dusty or dirty places Keep away from extreme hot or cold temperatures Avoid direct sunlight for long periods Avoid scratches with sharp or hard objects Keep dry and free of condensation Store correctly when in in use Don’t drop in water

Proper CD-ROM/DVD Care Keep CDs stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover Avoid touching the back side of the CD to avoid scratches Avoid hot and cold locations Make a back-up copy of your programs and files Insert into CD-ROM drive properly; label facing up Only write on CD’s with a CD marking pen on a label or the correct side of the CD