What Researchers Want from IT Sandra Braman Professor University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee ECAR Fellow

2 Why it matters Research success is mission critical for many institutions Ability to do work is central to researcher identity, ambitions, goals –Will trade-off salary &/or switch institutions to improve support IT a research collaborator, not service provider

3 How do we know what we know? Direct & indirect info in –national reports (NSF, NRB, ACLS, etc.) –conversations with faculty –anecdotal & systematic reports from CIOs –scholarly publications on research trends –scholarly publications on research methods –trade press reports

4 In this presentation... I: Factors affecting researcher use of IT II: Issues raised by IT engagement with research III: Researcher needs & IT opportunities

5 I: Factors affecting researcher use of IT Research culture Institutional issues Researcher incentives Research & teaching

6 Research culture issues Rapid spread of computationally-intense research across disciplines Continuous & fast innovations in research methods The generational tide - driven by graduate students Disciplinary differences more important than institutional culture to uses

7 Institutional issues Competition for resources History of privileging certain faculty, units Homogeneous service principle Assumptions about activity in units Inertia regarding institutional innovations Opportunities for IT unit patents Researcher ignorance of basic IT supports (e.g., space, energy, back-ups)

8 Researcher incentives Intellectual leadership Efficiency Support for other research goals Support for other institutional goals

9 Research & teaching Faculty seek alignment of research & teaching Multiplier effect of graduate education Growing use of high performance computing in undergraduate courses Online education a stimulus Opportunities for IT collaboration with researchers in methods courses

10 II: Issues raised by IT engagement with research Hiring Resource allocation Infrastructure development Hardware tailoring Software tailoring Long-lived data archives Research policy

11 Hiring commitments Promises made at the hiring point regarding IT rarely involve IT units Too often institutions find themselves unable to deliver on these commitments Irrecuperable loss of researcher commitment to institution

12 Resource allocation Research competes with administrative & teaching needs Support for FEW computationally-intense disciplines now must deal with MANY Principle of homogeneous support across campus now must address needs to tailor Often requires a shift in decision-making approaches

13 Infrastructure development Growing gap in infrastructure sufficiency Economic & support efficiencies can be maximized through synergies across research projects & units Multiple models for achieving –Collaborative decision-making –Coordinated grant proposals –Intra-campus agreements

14 Hardware tailoring Higher ed institutions increasingly falling behind in computational capacity But new techniques, such as mesh computing, can help NSF now looking at how to design OS to best support specific research designs New types of data collection equipment to be accommodated

15 Software tailoring Needs range from simple scripting all the way up Again reliance on graduate students Software specialization as national institutional niche Finding researcher-authored software Software collections (specialized, obsolete, tailored, etc.)

16 Long-lived data archives Many types of storage –project-specific repositories, institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, long-lived data collections of global importance Many types of storage venues –researcher, unit, institution, project home, discipline, national proxy institution Rising & complex preparation needs Policy issues (access, control, raw vs. cooked, etc.) Currently experimenting with support mechanisms

17 Research policy Intensifying legal environment around research data Cyberinfrastructure raises new issues Implementation of traditional issues often now managed digitally Knowledge of issues & compliance with policies increased if IT-researcher relationship is strong

18 III: Researcher needs & IT opportunities Participation in hiring Collaborative decision-making Grant-writing Training Software training & tailoring

19 Participation in hiring Participation in hiring process serves IT units, institution as a whole, & the researcher –Inclusion on interview schedule –Collaboration in development of offer –Follow-up with new hires when arrive Bonus: Strong relationships with researchers

20 Collaborative decision-making Multiple options not mutually exclusive –Single formal advisory council –Multiple working groups around research problems, methods, platforms, or software –Open meetings –Survey input from faculty & administrators –Sustained informal relations, etc. Rare but successful when used For resources & infrastructure

21 Grant-writing IT units increasingly writing their own grants & collaborating in grant proposals with researchers Much development work to be done at middleware & ap levels for research Opportunities for intellectual property rights for IT units Intimate engagement with research

22 Software training & tailoring Gap between graduate education & current research practices Research horizon continues to move Intense & spreading needs for help in –choosing best software for a research problem –tailoring use of that software to specific projects –additional programming to adapt as necessary Training can help in software customization Institutional & inter-institutional synergies Linkage with methods courses

23 Conclusions Enduring issues such as capacity remain, but new needs have emerged Which needs will be most important for a given institution varies by –areas of research strength –extent of infrastructural development –strength of collaborative networks

24 The New Big Two Researchers need more support for learning, adapting, & writing software specific to their research problems Researchers need help managing their data as it enters worlds of public presentation & long-lived data archives

25 And... Participate in hiring process – and follow through on promises made Multiple utility from collaborative decision- making around research problem, method, platform, software, & resource allocations