1 Chapter 6 – Pictorial Sketching Print handouts Select File, Print Edit the following selections to read: Select the OK button

2 Chapter 6 – Pictorial Sketching

Projection Systems Page 169

4 Multiview vs Axonometric Projection Page 170, Figure 6.2

5 Overview n Previous discussion centered on multiview drawings -2D orthographic projections (Chap 5) n Focus now on pictorial drawings which look more like pictures than a multiview drawing (3D). –Easier to visualize design –Sometimes added to multiview drawing for clarification –Good for marketing, shows assembly, inspect fits, conceptual ideas –Not good for dimensioning/manufacturing (can’t show detail)

Exploded Isometric Assembly Isometric drawings are frequently used to show how parts assemble as in this automobile power module.

7 Axonometric Projections n We will focus on isometric sketching. –Note, all angles are equal, and all line segments are equal (cube) Page 154

Isometric Projection vs. Sketch Isometric projections are foreshortened because the object is tipped with respect to the viewing plane. Isometric sketches, or drawings, are not usually foreshortened because they still appear proportionate when showing the dimensions full size along isometric axis lines. It is easier just to sketch the full dimension. Page 155

Step by Step: Isometric Sketching Page 156

10 Axis, Views and Dimensions Views? Top Front R Side Axis? 3D - Isometric 2D - Orthographic

11 Axis, Views and Dimensions Views? Top Front R Side Axis? 3D - Isometric 2D - Orthographic

12 Axis, Views and Dimensions Views? Top Front R Side Axis? Dimensions? Width Height Depth W D H 3D - Isometric 2D - Orthographic Isometric Line Isometric Plane

Hidden Lines Hidden lines are not usually shown in isometric sketches unless they are needed to show a feature that would be unclear. Usually the orientation for the isometric drawing should be chosen so that hidden lines aren’t needed. Holes are assumed to go completely through the object unless their depth is indicated with a note or with hidden lines.

14 Axis: 1 st Position VS 2 nd Position 1 st Position 2 nd Position W H D W H D 1. Box in overall dimensions. 2. Which view is most descriptive? Sketch as much of it as you can. Isometric Lines Non-isometric Line Non-isometric Plane Isometric Plane

15 Solid Modeling Demo n Pro/ENGINEER (planes)

16 Example ¼” GRID

Locating Features To locate a feature such as the upper block, make measurements from an existing corner as shown here. Page 158

18 Plotting Points , 3, 1,4 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 W, H, D 0, 0, 0 1.5,1.5,.5

19 Plotting Points , 3, 4, 1 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 2 Point 2: 1.5, 1.5,.5 1.5,.5

20 Plotting Points , 3, 4, 1 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 2 Point 2: Point 3:.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 1.5, 1 Point 4:.5, 1.5, 1

21 Plotting Points , 3, 1,4 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 2 Point 2: Point 1’:.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 1.5,.5.5, 2,.5 Point 4’:.5, 2, 1 1’,, 1’, 4’ 1’ 4’

22 Plotting Points , 3, 4, 1 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 2 Point 2: Point 2’:.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 2,.5 Point 3’: 1.5, 2, 1 1’, 4’, 1’, 4’ 1’ 4’ 3’3’ 2’, 2’, 3’ 2’, 3’

23 Plotting Points , 3, 4, 1 1, 2 4, 3 1. Number the plane you want to locate. 2. Number the plane in the other views. 3. Locate the plane in the isometric view point by point. Point 1: 0, 0, 0 2 Point 2: 1 4 Point 2’:.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 1.5,.5 1.5, 2,.5 Point 3’: 1.5, 2, 1 1’, 4’, 1’, 4’ 1’ 4’ 3’3’ 2’, 2’, 3’ 2’, 3’

24 Plotting Points 1. Number points. 2. Locate axis (0,0,0) (W,H,D) 3. Locate each point ’ 2’1’ 3, 3’ 2, 2’ 1, 1’ 4. Connect points. Point 1?.75, 2, 0 Point 2? Point 3? 1.5, 1.25, 0 1.5, 2, 0 Points 1,’, 2’, & 3’? 5. Darken appropriate lines.

25 Plotting Points 1. Number points. 2. Locate axis (0,0,0) (W,H,D) 3. Locate each point ’ 2’1’ 3, 3’ 1 2, 2’ 1, 1’ 2 3 3’ 2’ 1’ 4. Connect points. Point 1?.75, 2, 0 Point 2? Point 3? 1.5, 1.25, 0 1.5, 2, 0 Points 1,’, 2’, & 3’? 5. Darken appropriate lines.

26 Plotting Points 1. Number points. 2. Locate axis (0,0,0) (W,H,D) 3. Locate each point ’ 2’1’ 3, 3’ 1 2, 2’ 1, 1’ 2 3 3’ 2’ 1’ 4. Connect points. Point 1?.75, 2, 0 Point 2? Point 3? 1.5, 1.25, , 2, 0 Points 1,’, 2’, & 3’? 5. Darken appropriate lines.

Inclined Surfaces in Isometric Inclined surfaces can not be measured along inclined lines in an isometric sketch. To locate inclined surfaces you must make measurements along the isometric axis lines. Page 157

28 Locating on a Non-isometric Plane Locate the center of the circle. Point 1 coordinates?.5, ,.75

29 Locating on a Non-isometric Plane Locate the center of the circle. Point 1 coordinates?.5, ,.75

30 Complete the Isometric Point 1: Point 2: Point 3: Point 4:

31 Activities n Lightly show all construction lines.

32 Chapter 6 – Pictorial Sketching Circles and Arcs Print handouts Select File, Print Edit the following selections to read: Select the OK button

Circles in Isometric n Circles appear as ellipses when drawn in an isometric sketch. Video clip here

34 Frontal Plane Orthographic Frontal Plane

35 Profile Plane Orthographic Profile Plane

36 Horizontal Plane Orthographic Horizontal Plane

37 Notice Direction of Ellipses n Dependent on Sketch Plane Horizontal Plane

38 Notice Direction of Ellipses n Dependent on Sketch Plane Frontal Plane

39 Notice Direction of Ellipses n Dependent on Sketch Plane Profile Plane

40 Notice Direction of Ellipses n Dependent on Sketch Plane

41 Step 4: Sketch arcs Step 1: Select appropriate plane Step 5: Sketch arcs Steps to Sketching Ellipse on Frontal Plane Tangent Step 2: Locate center of circle Center lines must be parallel to Frontal plane axis lines. Frontal plane Isometric Axis Finished frontal plane ellipse Center point of arc Step 6: Darken Distance Height Width Step 3: Determine radius Lines must be sketched parallel to appropriate axis lines Radius

42 Backside Box in depth Locate center Sketch ellipse Add tangent lines and darken

43 Sketch the Following Soup Cans n Show ALL construction lines lightly Cylinders Ø1 X 2 1 Grid = 1/4” Thru hole Ø.25

44 Thin Object Determine appropriate plane Locate center of hole Determine radius Create ellipse

45 Thin Object - Backside Sketch ellipse Locate center lines Box radius Determine depth Darken object lines Sketch entire ellipse?

Arcs in Isometric Sketches Arcs are usually sketched by locating their centers and then boxing in the enclosing parallelogram. Sketch the arc tangent to the enclosing box, which is drawn along isometric lines.

47 Arc Determine appropriate plane Locate center of arc Determine radius Create ellipse

48 Arc – Bottom Side Darken Determine depth Locate center lines and box radius Sketch ellipse Add tangent line Sketch entire ellipse?

49