Relationships within triangles

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Presentation transcript:

Relationships within triangles Geometry Unit 5

Midsegments of a triangle

What is a midsegment? A midsegment connects the midpoints of two segments of a triangle. Given diagram below:

Construction of a midpoint http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/constru ctions.html

Observations What do you notice about the midsegments you created? Lengths? Lines? Parallels? Perpendiculars? Intersections?

Properties of midsegements Midsegment Theorem: The segment that joins the midpoints of a pair of sides of a triangle is: Parallel to the third side Half as long as the third side

Usefulness When would you use the midpoints of a triangle? When trying to determine relationships within a triangle. When trying to solve for a variable or a length Application problems when needing to cut across the center and find the distance.

Perpendicular bisectors in a triangle

What is a perpendicular Bisector? Perpendicular bisectors: Divide the line segment into two congruent parts Intersects the line at a right angle

Construction of a Perpendicular Bisector http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/constru ctions.html

Perpendicular bisectors What do you notice about the perpendicular bisectors of the triangles? Lengths? Lines? Parallels? Perpendiculars? Intersections?

Practice On triangles three and four on your worksheet create the perpendicular bisectors for the triangles.

Circumcenter The point of concurrency of the three perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle. This point will be equidistant from each vertex.

Circumcenter What will the circumcenter look like in the following triangles? Acute? Right? Obtuse? How do you know? Do these findings make sense?

Angle bisectors in triangles

What Is an angle bisector? An angle bisector is a ray or segment which cuts an angle into two congruent angles.

Construction of an angle bisector http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/constru ctions.html

Observations What do you notice about the angle bisectors of the triangles? Lengths? Lines? Parallels? Perpendiculars? Intersections?

incenter The incenter is the point of concurrency of all three angle bisectors of a triangle. The incenter is equidistant from all the edges of the triangle.

incenter What will the incenter look like in each of the following triangles? Acute? Right? Obtuse? How do you know?

Medians in triangles

What is a median? A median of a triangle is the line segment which joins a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.

Construction of a Median How could you use your compass and protractor to create a median of a triangle? Lets practice on one of the triangles on your paper.

Observations Do the three medians meet in a point? YES! We call this the centroid of the triangle. What do we notice about the centroid of the triangle? Lengths? Angles? Segments?

Concurrency of medians theorem States the medians of a triangle will intersect in a point that is 2/3 the distance from the vertices to the midpoint of the opposite side.

Concurrency of medians of a triangle

Altitudes in triangles

What is an altitude? The line segment from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side.

Construction of an Altitude Can I construct the altitude of a triangle? How!!!!!!????? http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/constru ct-perpnotline.html

Lets try!!! Lets create the altitudes of the three angles in one of the triangles on your page. What do you notice about the altitudes?

Orthocenter The point of concurrency of the altitudes of a triangle is called the orthocenter. What do you notice about the orthocenter of the following triangles: Acute Obtuse Right

Observations

Constructions On your triangle page, find the following for a single triangle. You may want to erase your marks after each. Circumcenter Incenter Centroid Orthocenter

Group Work After you have completed each of the constructions and have them clearly labeled. Note all the similarities you can about these

Similarities Acute triangle- all points are inside the triangle Obtuse triangle- all points are outside the triangle Right triangle- orthocenter on vertex of right angle, circumcenter is on the midpoint of the hypotenuse

Similarities For the general case of a triangle: The orthocenter, circumcenter, and centroid are always collinear The distance from the orthocenter to the centroid is twice the distance from the centroid to the circumcenter.

Review Perpendicular bisectors meet at the circumcenter. Angle bisectors meet at the incenter. Medians meet at the centroid. Altitudes meet at the orthocenter.

Inequalities in triangles

Inequalities in two triangles