PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE SOYBEAN APHID: BIODIVERSITY AND RELEASES OF PARASITOID WASPS George Heimpel, LNC13-353 University of Minnesota.

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Presentation transcript:

PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE SOYBEAN APHID: BIODIVERSITY AND RELEASES OF PARASITOID WASPS George Heimpel, LNC University of Minnesota Dept. of Entomology NCR-SARE’s Farmers Forum, 2015

Arrival and Spread of the Soybean Aphid

Insecticide use in North Central States Source: National Ag. Statistics Serv.

Supply of natural enemies in the landscape

Generalist predators provide biological control of soybean aphid Biological Control < Day 7Day Exclusion Open a b A B Soybean aphid per plant +/- SEM

How can we improve upon this level of biological control? 1. Taking advantage of biodiversity 2. Releasing parasitoid wasps

Winter-Planted Rye Cover- Cropped with Organic Soybean Autumn: Harvest corn Autumn: Plant rye Spring: Plant soybean Summer: Mow rye Autumn: Harvest soybean

P. Porter

Soybean drilled into rye Lee Thomas June 12, ‘03 P. Porter

Z. Sezen

Results: Austin (Organic Farm)

Results: Lamberton Exp. Station

Results: Felton (Organic Farm)

Results: Rosemount Exp. Station

Z. Sezen Why fewer aphids in the presence of rye? -Little evidence for better biological control. -Likely less aphid colonization or lower aphid growth rates.

The role of Asian parasitoids Aphelinus certus - established Aphelinus glycinis – being introduced

Aphid parasitoid life cycle

Aphelinus certus Dots: sampling locations (Minn Dept. of Ag.) Blue: counties with Aphelinus certus

Aphelinus certus In Rosemount, MN

Aphelinus glycinis 2013 releases 2014 releases Overwintering study 75,000 A. glycinis released at each site

Aphelinus glycinis Overwintering study

Conclusions Soybean aphid is a pest despite natural biological control We are trying to improve this control by: Increasing landscape diversity Releasing Asian parasitoid wasps. Next Steps: Combine these strategies

Acknowledgements Rye Cover Cropping Work Paul Porter, Bob Koch, Lee Thomas, Paul Guiney Aphelinus certus Joe Kaser, Keith Hopper Aphelinus glycinis Nick Padowski, Keith Hopper