SOCIAL SCIENCE III

 BIRTH OF THE RENAISSANCE:

 People wanted to  ENJOY LIFE  SAY NO TO ENDURING SUFFERING TO GET A HEAVENLY REWARD  REJECT MEDIEVAL VALUES  LOOK TO CLASSICAL PAST FOR IDEAS  Thus the birth of Renaissance, or the period where “explosion of creativity” took place.

ITALIAN RENAISSANCENORTHERN RENAISSANCE

 Renaissance is the French word for “rebirth of the arts and learning at any time in history.”  It began in Italy for three reasons: 1. THRIVING CITIES 2. WEALTHY MERCHANTS 3. CLASSICAL HERITAGE OF GREECE AND ROME

 Highly urbanized  Had a lot of prosperous towns (center for manufacturing, trade, and banking)  People were with considerable wealth.

 MAJOR CENTERS OF RENAISSANCE CIVILIZATION IN NORTHERN ITALY  FLORENCE (small oligarcgy: Medici Family)  MILAN (duchy: VISCONTIS and the SFORZA Family)  VENICE (oligarchy)  PAPAL STATE IN CENTRAL ITALY  ROME (Renaissance popes)  SOUTHERN ITALY  TWO SICILIES (Naples headed by France and Sicily by Spain)

 Florence  Important banking center  Very prosperous  Headed by 1 powerful family, the Medici.  MEDICI FAMILY  WEALTH: industry, trade, banking  Giovanni di Bicci de Medici  Cosimo de Medici (virtually became dictator of Florence)  Lorenzo de Medici (the most famous; generous patron of the arts)

Renaissance scholars thought of going back to the classical ages of Greece and Rome. Looking down on the Medieval art and literature, artists created their works inspired by the ruins of Rome while scholars read through the ancient manuscripts from Greece.  Ancient works helped the Italians to develop the Italian Renaissance.  Humanism  Enjoyment of Worldly Pleasures  Patrons of the Arts  The Renaissance Man  The Renaissance Woman

HUMANISM  Human potential and achievements  Popularization of subjects called humanities  PHILOSOPHY  HISTORY  LITERATURE WORLDLY PLEASURES  “Enjoying life without offending God.”  Material luxuries, fine music, tasty foods, mansions, etc.  The basic spirit of Renaissance society: SECULAR (which also covers the definition of being concerned with the here and now).

PATRONS OF THE ARTS  Big number of wealthy Italians  PATRON of the ARTS = financially supporting the artists  Popes, merchants, wealthy families who became patrons sought to demonstrate their own importance and power

THE RENAISSANCE MAN  From the term “universal man”  The ideal individual who’s striving to master almost every area of study. BALDASSARE CASTIGLIONE  Author of The Courtier  Taught people how to become a renaissance man. He must be charming, witty, well educated. He must know how to dance, sing, play music and write poetry. He must also be a skilled rider, wrestler and swordsman, and must have SELF-CONTROL.

 Upper-class women should know the classics and be charming.  Must not to expect fame.  Must inspire art NOT to create it.

Who are the famous artists during the Italian Renaissance period? Familiarize yourself with their works. Be prepared for an individual activity next meeting.

 Petrarch  One of the earliest and most influential humanists  Wrote 14-line poems called sonnets  Boccaccio  Best known for his Decameron  Stories that were supposedly told by a group of youngsters waiting in a villa to avoid the plague sweeping through Florence.  Machiavelli  Best known for his The Prince  Examines how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite of his enemies.  Vittoria Colonna  A woman writer who helped Castiglione publish The Courtier

 PINOY HENYO  Prepare for a 10 second cheer (related to the lesson)  Choose one person who will answer yes or no or maybe  The questioner’s number will be drawn by the teacher so everyone must be prepared  You are given 1 minute to guess the given term

 FIRST CORRECT ANSWER: 7 points  SECOND CORRECT ANSWER: 5 points  Best in cheer: 1 point

 Indulgence  Reformation  Lutheran  Protestant  Peace of Augsburg  Annul  Anglican  Predestination  Calvinism  Theocracy  Presbyterian  Anabaptist  Catholic Reformation  Jesuits  Council of Trent

 How did European rulers encourage the spread of Renaissance ideas and what method did they use?  How does Albrecht Durer’s work reflect Renaissance ideas?  What did Christian humanists set out to do and what method did they use?