PETE 411 Well Drilling Lesson 29 Cementing

Cementing Cementing Processes Density of Mixtures Cementing Equipment Casing Liner Squeeze Plug Density of Mixtures Cementing Equipment

Read: Applied Drilling Engineering, Ch. 3 HW #15 - Well Control – W&W due 11-18-02

Cement is used in Drilling Operations to... Support and protect the casing Prevent the movement of fluid through the annular space outside the casing Stop the movement of fluid into vugular or fractured formations Close an abandoned well or a portion of a well Sidetracking

Types of Cementing Processes I. Primary Cementing 1. Full String 2. Liners 3. Large Pipe (lesson 31) 4. Stage (lesson 31) A. Survey and perforate B. Stage collars

Primary Cementing Full String Cementing Liner Cementing Steel Casing Borehole Cement Steel Liner Full String Cementing Liner Cementing

Types of Cementing Processes II. Squeeze Cementing 1. Shoe 2. Casing (up-hole) 3. Open-hole (lost-circulation)

NEW SLURRY

Types of Cementing Processes III. Plugging 1. Open-hole plug back A. Fishing Operations B. Abandonment 2. Casing

Types of Cementing Processes IV. Special Techniques 1. Land 2. Off-shore

Mixing Cement (basis is 1 sk. of cmt.) The density-volume formula: Slurry Yield (volume of mixture/sk):

Rotary Drilling Cementing (basis is 1 sk of cmt.) Density of Each Component in Slurry: e.g. Density of Barite = Specific Gravity of Barite * Density of Water

Rotary Drilling Cementing (basis is 1 sk. of cmt.) Density of Cement Slurry:

Wiper Plugs Wiper plugs are equipped with rubber-cupped fins which wipe mud from the walls of the casing ahead of the cement and clean the walls of casing behind the slurry. Examples of wiper plugs are shown in the next slide. The top plug also serves as a means of determining when the cement is in place.

Mud film thickness Feet of fill per 1000’ 5 1/2” 7” 1/16” 1.6mm 50.6 40 1/32” 0.8mm 25.5 20 1/64” 0.4mm 12.6 10

Cementing After Cementing (check)