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How Rocks Differ Identifying Minerals Very Important Vocabulary 10 Points 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Points 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points The Rock Cycle Minerals
the way a mineral shines, or reflects light
What is luster?
the color of a mineral when it becomes a powder
What is the streak?
the tendency of a mineral to split easily along flat surfaces
What is cleavage?
jewelry, coins, metal objects, plaster, electric wire, and construction materials
What are ways that minerals are used in the home?
fingernails, copper pennies, steel nails, and glass plates
What are tools that can be used to measure hardness?
a rock that is made when pieces of sand, bits of rock and soil, and the remains of dead organisms come together and get hard
What is a sedimentary rock?
a rock that forms when melted, or molten, rock from deep in Earth cools and gets hard
What is an igneous rock?
rock that is made when old rocks are changed by heat or pressure under Earth’s surface
What is metamorphic rock?
the type of rock in which fossils are found
What is sedimentary rock?
the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core
What are the layers of Earth?
Weathering breaks down igneous rocks. These sediments can be compacted and cemented to form this type of rock.
What is a sedimentary rock?
Heat and pressure may melt a metamorphic rock, forming magma. When the magma cools and hardens, this type of rock is formed.
What is an igneous rock?
there is more than one of these through the rock cycle
What are paths?
these forces can change a rock to a metamorphic rock
What are heat and pressure?
this starts the change from an igneous rock to a sedimentary rock
What is weathering?
in order to determine what kind of mineral a sample is, you must rub it against this object and observe the color of the powder left behind
What is a streak plate?
test that determines a mineral’s ability to resist being scratched
What is the hardness test?
this type of mineral looks dull
What is a nonmetallic mineral?
this mineral has a hardness of 10
What is a diamond?
the same mineral can be a variety of these, so scientists use other properties to identify a mineral
What are colors?
a material made up of one or more minerals
What is a rock?
a nonliving solid material that has a definite chemical makeup and is found in Earth’s outermost layer
What is a mineral?
the scale used to determine a mineral’s hardness
What is Mohs Hardness Scale?
the continuous series of changes that rocks undergo
What is the rock cycle?
weathering and cementing
What are processes in the rock cycle?
Make your wager.
Obsidian, basalt, and granite are examples of this type of rock.
What are igneous rocks?