Aid Given By Developed Countries to Africa

Aid Aim: *Identify the three main types of aid which are given to developing countries.

Aid Aid is help given by a country or organisation to another country to help meet its needs. A country which gives aid is called a DONOR country. A country which receives aid is called a RECIPIENT country.

Types of Aid Bilateral Aid Aid given by one country to another country. Multi-lateral Aid Aid which is given by a group of countries working together e.g. United Nations, European Union. Voluntary Aid Aid which is given by voluntary organisations or charities e.g. Oxfam, Water Aid.

Types of Aid Activities: Study the diagram on Types of Aid on page 14. Complete question 1 from the Activities on page 15. Make sure you take two lines for each type of aid.

Type of AidAdvantagesDisadvantages Food Aid Financial Aid Equipment Emergency Relief Aid Specialist Workers and Experts

Bilateral Aid Aims: Examine the advantages and disadvantages of tied aid. Identify the social, political and economic factors which determine whether a developed country will give aid

Tied Aid When bilateral aid is given, there are usually conditions or ‘strings’ attached. This type of bilateral aid is known as ‘tied aid’ or ‘boomerang’ aid. This is because the aid returns to the donor country in a way which benefits them.

ADVANTAGES: Provides financial help to a developing countries Buying goods and services from the donor country helps to create jobs. Aid will not be wasted on weapons or useless projects. Both sides benefit from tied aid. Opportunity to help a friendly/democratic country. Prestige for donor country DISADVANTAGES: Recipient country could buy cheaper/better quality goods in another country Helps the donor country more than the recipient Gives the donor country power over the recipient. Type of aid given may not be appropriate to needs of the country. Tied Aid

Why Do Countries Give Aid? Social Factors Which countries are the poorest? Who needs our help most? Are they facing a major humanitarian crisis and lives are at risk e.g. famine, floods?

Why Do Countries Give Aid? Economic Factors How is our economy doing – can we afford to help? Can they pay back a loan? Do they have natural resources e.g. metals that we could gain in return?

Why Do Countries Give Aid? Political Factors Is the country democratic or ruled by a dictator? Is the country at war and it’s too dangerous to send aid? Is the country hostile to our allies (friendly countries)? Is the country unpopular with voters?

Bilateral Aid Activities: Complete Activities 1-2 on page 16 of your textbook. Using the following headings make your own notes on the reasons why countries give aid. *Social Factors *Economic Factors *Political Factors

UK Aid to African Countries Aims: Examine the role that the Department for International Development plays in helping poor countries.

UK Department For International Development [DFID] DFID is the part of the UK Government that manages Britain's aid to poor countries and works to get rid of extreme poverty. DFID works with the governments of developing countries and other international organisations such as the World Bank and UN. DFID is also helping to reduce world poverty by working towards the UN Millennium Development Goals. Andrew Mitchell is currently the Secretary of State for International Development

The Millennium Development Goals The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were agreed by the United Nations in September Nearly 190 countries have subsequently signed up to them. The overall aim is to halve world poverty by The eight Millennium Development Goals are: Wipe out world hunger Achieve universal Primary education Equality for women. Reduce infant death rates Improve health for mothers Combat HIV and AIDS, malaria and other diseases Ensure environmental sustainability Develop a global partnership for development

UK Aid Activities: Read pages of your textbook. Complete Activities 2-6 on page 19 of your textbook.

Multi-Lateral Aid - UN Aims: Identify the aims of the United Nations and its Specialised Agencies.

Multi-lateral Aid – The UN The UN was set up in 1945 by 50 countries. Its aim is to encourage countries in the world to work together to improve the conditions of people in the world. Today over 127 countries are members of the UN. The UN works through SPECIALISED AGENCIES to help developing countries.

Multi-lateral Aid – The UN Copy the diagram from page 20 of your textbook on the main UN agencies. Underneath each UN agency write a sentence which explains the main function of this agency. Use the information on page 21 to help you. Now complete the activities on pages of your textbook. Collect a map of Africa – shade in the countries where UN agencies have been working.

UN Agencies – Current Examples UNICEF - Malawi Project to treat 3,500 children with malnutrition each month. Medical training for health workers/medicines provided. Feeding programme for under 5s and pregnant mothers. School feeding programme for 500,000 primary children.

UN Agencies – Current Examples UNICEF - Uganda Campaign to encourage 1.3 million children to attend school. Provided 13,000 teachers, writing materials, sports equipment. Also provides hygiene supplies e.g. soap, toothpaste.

UN Agencies – Current Examples World Health Organisation (WHO) – Guinea Set up health care centres in local communities. Children can be immunised against killer diseases/given vitamins. Gives people access to a doctor and basic health care.

UN Agencies – Current Examples Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) – Ethiopia – Seeds, Crops, Livestock Increase seed supplies for farmers affected by drought. Sheep/goat fattening project to increase profits for farmers. Improve water supplies to increase crop yields. Help to control desert locusts which can devastate crops.

UN Agencies – Current Examples Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) Ethiopia – Food Supply We Are the Future (WAF) child centres to provide gardening, nutrition and health programmes to give children skills to grow food. Vegetable gardens to provide women with HIV/AIDS with good nutrition.

UN Agencies – Current Examples World Food Programme Burkina Faso – food voucher programme – helps poor to purchase food and local producers get a decent price. Kenya – Schools Meals Programme for 650,000 children. Feeding programme for refugees from Somalia and Sudan, who are living in camps. Ethiopia – providing food for Ethiopian government to deliver to people affected by drought and famine. School Meals Programme.

UN Agencies in Action Shade in the following countries where UN agencies are working: Malawi Uganda Guinea Ethiopia Burkina Faso Kenya