END OF LIFE ARTIFICIAL NUTRITION AND HYDRATION Emily Vale
End of life vs. Palliative Care End of life Final days and hours of life 1 Palliative care Improving quality of life Associated with life-threatening illness 1
Patient-Centered Care 1 New trend in health systems Quality of life Removed focus from illness/disease Focus on health
Artificial Nutrition and Hydration 2 Medical treatment Receiving nutrition and hydration through an IV or PEG tube Patient not able to take by mouth
End of Life Care Views 3 Newer views on end of life care Current views challenged Multiple positions Ethical Legal Medical Hospice Religious
Ethical 3 Principalism Autonomy Beneficence Nonmaleficence Justice Deontology Utilitarianism
Medical 3 Uses prinicipalism Core principals: Autonomy Beneficence Nonmaleficence Justice
Hospice 2 Artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) is different than eating or drinking ANH does not cure the individual ANH refusal is not suicide
Religious 3 Many different religions and views Examples: Roman Catholicism Judaism - three divisions Presbyterian Church
Legal Advance directives Living wills Powers of attorney Surrogate Judicial system Legislative system
Does Age Matter? Advanced age patients have decreased health care spending 4 Doctor statement Easier in older patients compared to younger 5
Hunger or Thirst? Van der Riet et al. (2006) conducted research Interviews of terminally ill inpatients and family No complaints of hunger or thirst
Easier Said Than Done Discord amongst medical professionals Discord amongst families Terri Schaivo case
Resources 1. Fleming M, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR: Nutritional intervention and quality of life in palliative care patients. British Journal of Nursing November 2011; 20(20): Available from Academic Search Complete, Health Sources: Nursing/Academic Edition 2. National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. (2009). Artificial nutrition (food) and hydration (fluids) at the end of life. Retrieved from NutritionAndHydration.pdf 3. Andrews MR, Geppert, CMA (2007). The A.S.P.E.N. Nutrition Support Core Curriculum. United States: American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
Resources 4. Somogyi-Zalud E, Zhong Z, Hamel MB, Lynn J: The use of life-sustaining treatments in hospitalized persons aged 80 and older. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society May 2002; 50(5): Available from Academic Search Complete. 5. Van der Riet P, Higgins I, Good P, Sneesby L: A discourse of difficult clinical situations in relation to nutrition and hydration during end of life care. Journal of Clinical Nursing July 2009; 18(14): Available from CINAHL Plus with Full Text.